Relationship between Serum Indoxyl Sulfate and Klotho Protein and Vascular Calcification in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease Stages 3–5
Table 1
Comparison of clinical data of CKD groups.
Group
Control group (20 cases)
CKD stages 3-4 (36 cases)
CKD stage 5 nondialysis (38 cases)
CKD stage 5 dialysis (34 cases)
F/x2/z
a P value
Age (years)
49.50 ± 12.31
57.03 ± 13.08
55.45 ± 14.69
54.35 ± 12.80
0.344
0.710
BMI (kg/m2)
26.79 ± 4.38
26.07 ± 3.46
24.96 ± 3.73
23.01 ± 2.84
7.329
0.001
Hypertension (cases (%))
0
32 (88.89%)
36 (94.74%)
32 (94.12%)
1.090
0.580
Diabetes (cases (%))
0
21 (58.33%)
16 (42.11%)
16 (47.06%)
2.029
0.363
Coronary heart disease (cases (%))
0
10 (27.78%)
19 (50.00%)
15 (44.11%)
4.016
0.134
CRP (mg/L)
4.54 ± 0.84
21.18 ± 57.24
20.00 ± 39.81
23.3 ± 25.81
0.048
0.953
Ca (mmol/L)
2.57 (2.48, 2.69)
2.28 (2.03, 2.43)
2.03 (1.96, 2.11)
1.84 (1.76, 2.02)
52.406
0.000
P (mmol/L)
1.24 (1.05, 1.53)
1.39 ± 0.27
2.51 ± 0.59
2.53 ± 0.37
79.442
0.000
iPTH (pg/mL)
33.54 (15.18, 59.32)
110.15 (74.58, 297.65)
478.55 (372.00, 648.43)
636.75 (374.23, 923.78)
26.999
0.000
ALB (g/L)
48.11 ± 6.85
31.78 ± 4.21
32.08 ± 4.49
30.24 ± 4.67
1.727
0.183
Cr (µmol/L)
80.5 (48.1, 116.7)
231.5 (164.7, 282.2)
692.0 (561.0, 983.2)
703.0 (548.5, 956.2)
65.758
0.000
Abdominal aortic calcification (cases (%))
0
19 (52.78%)
26 (68.42%)
30 (88.24%)
10.389
0.006
. CKD, chronic kidney disease; BMI, body mass index; CRP, C-reactive protein; iPTH, intact parathyroid hormone; ALB, albumin; Cr, creatinine. aP value, between-group comparisons for the three CKD groups (excluding the control group).
