Glucose Metabolism Indices and the Development of Chronic Kidney Disease: A Cohort Study of Middle-Aged and Elderly Chinese Persons

Table 3

Association between quartiles of baseline glucose indexes and risk of CKD.

		Quartile 1	Quartile 2	Quartile 3	Quartile 4	1-quartile change^#
FPG	Model 1	1	1.09 (0.78–1.54)	1.27 (0.91–1.78)	1.84 (1.35–2.51)	1.23 (1.12–1.36)
	Model 2	1	1.04 (0.73–1.47)	1.14 (0.81–1.61)	1.47 (1.06–2.04)	1.14 (1.03–1.27)
	Model 3	1	1.10 (0.76–1.58)	1.15 (0.80–1.64)	1.36 (0.96–1.92)	1.11 (0.99–1.23)
OGTT 2 h glucose	Model 1	1	1.13 (0.79–1.61)	1.38 (0.98–1.94)	2.24 (1.63–3.08)	1.32 (1.20–1.47)
	Model 2	1	1.10 (0.77–1.58)	1.20 (0.84–1.70)	1.75 (1.26–2.42)	1.21 (1.09–1.34)
	Model 3	1	1.11 (0.77–1.61)	1.16 (0.81–1.67)	1.52 (1.08–2.14)	1.15 (1.03–1.28)
HbA1c	Model 1	1	1.27 (0.92–1.77)	1.41 (1.01–1.97)	1.97 (1.44–2.70)	1.24 (1.12–1.37)
	Model 2	1	1.14 (0.81–1.59)	1.29 (0.92–1.82)	1.52 (1.09–2.12)	1.15 (1.04–1.28)
	Model 3	1	1.21 (0.86–1.72)	1.29 (0.91–1.84)	1.50 (1.07–2.12)	1.14 (1.02–1.26)
Fasting insulin	Model 1	1	1.23 (0.88–1.73)	1.27 (0.90–1.78)	1.95 (1.42–2.67)	1.24 (1.12–1.37)
	Model 2	1	1.13 (0.80–1.61)	1.12 (0.79–1.60)	1.61 (1.14–2.27)	1.16 (1.04–1.30)
	Model 3	1	1.10 (0.77–1.59)	1.06 (0.73–1.54)	1.39 (0.96–2.00)	1.11 (0.99–1.24)
HOMA-IR	Model 1	1	1.27 (0.89–1.81)	1.52 (1.07–2.15)	2.32 (1.68–3.21)	1.32 (1.20–1.47)
	Model 2	1	1.20 (0.83–1.73)	1.32 (0.92–1.90)	1.89 (1.33–2.70)	1.23 (1.10–1.38)
	Model 3	1	1.15 (0.79–1.69)	1.22 (0.84–1.78)	1.61 (1.10–2.34)	1.17 (1.04–1.31)
HOMA-β	Model 1	1	0.72 (0.52–0.99)	0.80 (0.58–1.09)	1.03 (0.76–1.38)	1.02 (0.92–1.12)
	Model 2	1	0.72 (0.52–1.00)	0.79 (0.57–1.09)	0.97 (0.71–1.33)	1.00 (0.90–1.11)
	Model 3	1	0.72 (0.52–1.01)	0.77 (0.55–1.08)	0.96 (0.70–1.33)	1.00 (0.89–1.11)

Data are odds ratios (95% confidence interval). Participants without CKD at follow-up are defined as 0 and with CKD as 1. ^#All variables were calculated for 1-quartile change of glucose indices. AUC (95% CI), area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC), and the corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Model 1 is unadjusted. Model 2 is adjusted for age, sex, and BMI. Model 3 is adjusted for age, sex, BMI, current smoking status, current drinking status, physical activity level, SBP, γ-GGT, and LDL-C.