| | Reference range | HS-PHPT | A-PHPT | |
| Patients, n | | 18 | 94 | | Age, years | | 73.0 (81.5–91.5) | 65.0 (55.5–74.0) | 0.026 | Gender, M/F | | 3/15 | 18/76 | 0.805 | BMI, kg/m2 | | 25.0 (21.0–28.6) | 26.5 (23.2–29.7) | 0.504 | MEN1-related PHPT, % | | 0.0 | 8.5 | 1.000 | Calcium phosphate metabolism-related biochemical parameters | | | | | Serum calcium, mg/dl | 8.4–10.4 | 12.5 (11.3–13.7) | 10.6 (10.3–11.3) | 0.001 | Ionized calcium, mmol/L | 1.18–1.30 | 1.52 (1.43–1.91) | 1.39 (1.28–1.47) | 0.001 | PTH, pg/ml | 10.0–65.0 | 422.0 (200.0–704.0) | 130.0 (90.7–189.8) | 0.001 | 25OHD, ng/ml | >30.0 | 14.0 (7.1–22.2) | 20.1 (10.3–26.7) | 0.126 | Total ALP, U/L | | 104.0 (92.2–122.3) | 79.5 (60.2–116.0) | 0.009 | Bone-specific ALP, μg/L | 6.0–26.0 | 33.8 (19.9–42.1) | 14.8 (10.8–28.2) | 0.010 | eGFR, ml/min | | 71.0 (43.0–96.0) | 90.5 (71.8–104.8) | 0.015 | eGFR < 45 ml/min, % | | 42.0 | 5.0 | 0.050 | Serum phosphate, mg/dl | 3.50–5.00 | 2.40 (2.08–2.71) | 2.60 (2.20–2.90) | 0.371 | Urine calcium, mg/kg/24 h | <4.00 | 4.59 (2.85–6.98) | 4.10 (2.80–5.76) | 0.520 | Urine phosphate, g/24 h | <1.00 | 0.49 (0.36–0.86) | 0.73 (0.56–0.89) | 0.028 | PHPT-related clinical features | | | | | Kidney stones, % | | 44.0 | 51.0 | 0.615 | Osteoporosis, % | | 50.0 | 52.0 | 1.000 | Hypertension, % | | 66.0 | 60.0 | 0.611 | Smokers, % | | 8.3 | 13.5 | 1.000 | Metabolic status | | | | | Glucose, mg/dl | >100.0 | 91.0 (81.0–104.5) | 90.0 (81.0–96.3) | 0.921 | Insulin, mU/L | 5–25 | 11.0 (5.9–15.3) | 7.3 (2.8–11.6) | 0.146 | HOMA-IR | <2.5 | 2.56 (1.09–3.53) | 1.62 (0.52–2.85) | 0.219 | Overt diabetes, % | | 16.7 | 5.3 | 0.087 | Total cholesterol, mg/dl | <200.0 | 188.5 (150.5–211.8) | 195.5 (172.8–223.0) | 0.130 | HDL cholesterol, mg/dl | >40M, >50F | 59.0 (46.2–73.7) | 56.0 (47.2–67.5) | 0.691 | LDL cholesterol, mg/dl | <130.0 | 106.1 (75.9–117.9) | 114.1 (94.8–139.9) | 0.033 | Triglycerides, mg/dl | <150.0 | 117.0 (92.2–135.5) | 98.5 (74.5–123.3) | 0.118 | Overt dyslipidemia, % | | 27.0 | 36.0 | 0.593 | PHPT patients’ health status | | | | | Age-adjusted Charlson comorbidity index | | 3.5 (2.7–5.0) | 2.0 (1.0–3.0) | 0.001 | Chronic medications, n | | 5.0 (2.2–6.8) | 2.0 (0.0–4.0) | 0.001 |
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HS-PHPT, hypercalcemic-related symptomatic PHPT patients; A-PHPT, asymptomatic PHPT patients; M/F, male/female; albumin-corrected serum calcium; PTH, parathormone; ALP, alkaline phosphatase; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; and 25OHD, 25hydroxy-vitamin D. |