Can We Enhance Respectful Behaviors toward Parents with Gamification? An Observational Study of Gamification Elements and Child Attitudes toward Parents

Table 5

Multiple regression predicting respectful behaviors toward parents.

Variable		SE
Intercept	1.97	0.13	<0.001
Avatars	_0.001	00.1	0.996
Points	0.04	0.02	<0.05
Coins	0.008	0.02	0.730
Stars	-0.006	0.02	0.778
Levels of difficulty	0.01	0.02	0.551
Leaderboards	-0.007	0.01	0.705
Rewards	0.07	0.02	<0.01
Schedule and countdown	0.008	0.02	0.698
Unexpected rewards	0.01	0.02	0.571
Interaction with others	0.05	0.01	<0.01
Progress roadmap	-0.02	0.02	0.281
Feedback	0.009	0.01	0.962
Child relationship (ref. mother)
Father	0.17	0.09	0.08
Other	-0.14	0.06	<0.05
Child gender (ref. boy)
Girl	-0.02	0.03	0.445
Place of residence (ref. City)
Village	-0.13	0.07	0.06
Marital status (ref. married)
Widowed	-0.05	0.11	0.590
Divorced	-0.21	0.07	<0.01
The number of family members (ref. 2, 3)
4–6	0.005	0.04	0.912
7–10	-0.007	0.06	0.909
More than 10	0.03	0.15	0.800
Income (ref. less than 3,000 riyals)
3,000–7,000 riyals	0.01	0.05	0.830
7,000–10,000 riyals	-0.009	0.05	0.873
More than 10,000 riyals	-0.01	0.05	0.852
The average daily hours the child spends with a smart device	-0.03	0.01	<0.001
Type of applications (ref. entertainment cartoons)
Educational cartoon videos	0.08	0.06	0.201
Video games	-0.07	0.05	0.202
Type of activities (drawing and coloring)
Taking pictures	-0.09	0.07	0.123
Video recording	-0.03	0.10	0.135
Reading stories	0.19	0.05	<0.01
Watching videos	-0.07	0.09	0.202
Playing gaming applications	0.08	0.06	0.093
Learning and studying	0.13	0.03	<0.05
Listening to songs	0.09	0.05	0.071
Viewing images	-0.03	0.08	0.111
Other	0.04	0.04	0.134
To what extent do you know the child’s favorite apps (games, educational … etc.) (ref. I do not know anything)
Limited knowledge	0.22	0.11	0.051
Medium knowledge	0.23	0.10	<0.05
Great knowledge	0.28	0.11	<0.05
Does your child discuss favorite apps with you? (ref. not at all)
Yes, to a limited extent	0.15	0.06	<0.05
Yes, continuously	0.16	0.06	<0.05
Adjusted squared	0.328		<0.001