Interactive Digital Serious Games for the Assessment, Rehabilitation, and Prediction of Dementia

Table 2

Survey of rehabilitative games reviewed.

Works	Form of testing undertaken			Period undertaken	Size of test	Cognitive deficit	AI	Predictive capability	Invasiveness; L = low; M = medium; H = high	Average effectiveness	Platform
	Play	Cognitive battery utilised?	Other
Anguera et al. (2013) [32]	✓	✓	EEG	1 month	60	Undisclosed	✓	✗	M-H	400% increase	Laptop PC and game controller
Imbeault et al. (2011) [22]	Untested	✗	✗	Untested	Untested	Untested	✓	✗	M	Unknown	Undisclosed
Prokopenko et al. (2011) [23]	✓	✓	✗	30 hours	26	Normal to mild dementia	✗	✗	M	24.6% average	PC
de la Guia et al. (2013) [24]	Untested	✗	✗	Untested	Untested	Untested	✗	✗	H	Unknown	PC
Lin and Chen (2012) [25]	✓	✗	✗	Undisclosed	Untested	Untested	✗	✗	M	Unknown	Undisclosed
Chang et al. (2013) [26]	✓	✗	Questionnaire, game analysis	One week	10	Unknown	✗	✗	M	Half able to achieve 70%>	Tablet based device
Lopez-Martínez et al. (2011) [27]	✓	✓	Questionnaire, game analysis	14 hours	20	Unknown	✗	✗	M	Unknown	PC
Billis et al. (2011) [28]	✓	✓	✗	8 weeks, 40 hrs	14	5 normal, 8 MCI, 1 mild dementia	✗	✗	H	46.8%	Nintendo Wii
He et al. (2012) [29]	Unknown	✗	✗	Undisclosed	Unknown	Unknown	✗	✗	M	Unknown	PC with Microsoft Kinect
Chilukoti et al. (2007) [30]	Untested	✗	✗	Untested	Untested	Untested	✗	✗	H	Untested	PC with minibike and custom controller
de Urturi Breton et al. (2012) [2]	Untested	✗	✗	Untested	Untested	Untested	✗	✗	M-H	Untested	PC with Microsoft Kinect
Boulay et al. (2011) [13]	✓	✗	✗	5x 10–20 min sessions	7	Alzheimer’s	✗	✗	H	63.2% average user satisfaction	Nintendo Wii
Tapus (2009) [31]	✓	✓		10x 10–20 min sessions, 6 months	9 reduced to 3	Cognitively impaired-Alzheimer’s 1 mild, 1 moderate, and 7 severe, only 3 retained for final study	✓	✗	H	No statistics available	PC with ActivMedia Pioneer 2DX robot