Caloric Restriction and the Nutrient-Sensing PGC-1𝜶 in Mitochondrial Homeostasis: New Perspectives in Neurodegeneration

Figure 2

Hypothetical role of extra-nuclear forms of PGC-1𝛼  and SIRT1 in mitochondrial biogenesis. Upon energetic stress conditions (e.g., physical exercise, caloric restriction) PGC-1𝛼  and SIRT1 are implicated in the expression of mitochondrial genes at the nuclear level. Concomitantly, PGC-1𝛼  and SIRT1 might migrate into mitochondrial matrix wherein, by interacting with TFAM, mediate the transcription of mtDNA-encoded mitochondrial genes, thus inducing mitochondrial biogenesis.