Electromagnetic Fields, Oxidative Stress, and Neurodegeneration

Table 1

EMFs exposure and oxidative stress in brain.

Type of EMFs	EMFs exposure details	EMFs effect	Experimental model	Reference
	50 Hz, 0.1–1.0 mT, 7 days	Prooxidant	Cortical neurons (Spraque-Dawley rat embryo)	Di Loreto et al. [51]
	60 Hz, 2.3 mT, 3 hours	Prooxidant	ICR Mouse cerebellum	Chu et al. [52]
	40 Hz, 7 mT, 30 min/day for 10 days	Prooxidant	Spraque-Dawley rat brain	Ciejka et al. [53]
	50 Hz, 0.5 mT, 7 days	Prooxidant	Wistar rat brain	Jelenković et al. [54]
ELF	50 Hz, 50 mG, for 5 min/day for 6 months	Prooxidant	Spraque-Dawley rat brain	Bediz et al. [55]
	60 Hz, 12 G, 3 hours	Prooxidant	Balb/c mice brain	Lee et al. [56]
	50 Hz, 100 and 500 μT, 2 hours/day for 10 months	Prooxidant	Spraque-Dawley rat brain	Akdag et al. [57]
	60 Hz, 2.4 mT, 2 hours	Prooxidant	Wistar rat brain	Martínez-Sámano et al. [58]
	50 Hz, 0.1–1.0 mT, 10 days	Prooxidant	Spraque-Dawley rat brain	Falone et al. [60]
	60 Hz, 0.2–1.2 mT	No oxidative effect	ICR mouse brain	Kabuto et al. [61]
	900 MHz, SAR of 2 Wkg^−1, 7 days	Prooxidant	Wistar rat brain	Ilhan et al. [63]
	890–915 MHz, SAR 0.95 Wkg^−1, for 12 h/day for 30 days	Prooxidant	Guinea pig brain	Meral et al. [64]
RF	900 MHz, SAR of 1.5 Wkg^−1, and 6 Wkg^−1, 7 days	Prooxidant	Spraque-Dawley rat brain	Ammari et al. [65]
	1800 MHz, SAR of 2 Wkg^−1, 24 hrs	Prooxidant	Primary cortical neuronal cultures (new-born SD rats)	Xu et al. [66]
	900 MHz, 0.02 mWcm^−2, 30 min/day for 7 days	No oxidative effect	New Zealand rabbit brain	Irmak et al. [37]
	872 MHz, SAR of 5 Wkg^−1, 1 hour and 24 hours	No oxidative effect	SHSY5Y and L929 cells	Höytö et al. [67]