Sugarcane Bagasse-Derived Cellulose Nanocrystal/Polyvinyl Alcohol/Gum Tragacanth Composite Film Incorporated with Betel Leaf Extract as a Versatile Biomaterial for Wound Dressing

Table 3

Antimicrobial activity of PVA/GT/CNC2 film loaded with betel extract on the agar diffusion test.

Samples	Diameter of inhibition zone (mm)
	P. aeruginosa	S. aureus
PVA/GT/CNC2_2%	16.60 ± 1.03^b	18.00 ± 0.79^b
PVA/GT/CNC2_3%	19.00 ± 1.41^b	22.00 ± 1.13^b
PVA/GT/CNC2_4%	23.60 ± 0.55^a	28.20 ± 0.84^a
Positive control	12.30 ± 0.57^c	14.40 ± 1.14^c
Negative control	—	—

For values with the same letter, the difference is not statistically significant, while different letters mean statistical significance ().