Component Composition and Biological Activity of Various Extracts of Onosma gmelinii (Boraginaceae)

Table 5

The antimicrobial activity results of O. gmelinii extracts obtained by the method of serial dilutions.

No.	Strain name	^aСO2-SE	^bUAE	^cP	^dreference drugs
		^eMBC or ^fMFC (μ·g/ml)
Gram-negative bacteria
1	Escherichia coli ATCC 8739	12500.0	^gND	ND	62.5
2	Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 9027	12500.0	150000.0	150000.0	31.3
Gram-positive bacteria
3	Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538-P	0.4	73.3	4687.5	3.9
4	Staphylococcus aureus ATCC BAA-39	0.8	73.3	4687.5	62.5
5	Staphylococcus epidermidis ATCC 51625	0.1	18.3	2343.8	7.8
6	Staphylococcus epidermidis ATCC 12228	0.4	73.3	4687.5	31.3
7	Streptococcus pyogenes ATCC 19615	390.6	9375.0	9375.0	7.8
8	Streptococcus pneumoniae ATCC BAA-660	24.4	293.0	2343.8	0.02
9	Enterococcus hirae ATCC 10541	6.1	146.5	ND	62.5
10	Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 51575	6.1	2343.8	ND	1000.0
11	Enterococcus faecium ATCC 700221	3.1	73.3	2343.8	500.0
Fungi
12	Candida albicans ATCC 10231	48.8	1171.9	ND	2.7
13	Candida albicans ATCC 2091	97.7	2343.8	ND	0.2

^aCO2-SE: supercritical carbon dioxide extraction; ^bUAE: ultrasound-assisted extraction; ^cP: percolation extraction; ^dreference drugs: ampicillin for bacteria and nystatin for fungi; ^eMBC: minimum bactericidal concentration; ^fMFC: minimum fungicidal concentration; and ^gND: not determined.