High-Dose Toremifene as a Promising Candidate Therapy for Hormone Receptor-Positive Metastatic Breast Cancer with Secondary Resistance to Aromatase Inhibitors

Table 1

Patient characteristics.

				%
Total			19	100
Age (years)			70
Hormone receptor	ER+/PgR+		14	73.7
	ER+/PgR−		4	21.1
	ER−/PgR+		1	5.3
	ER−/PgR−		0	0.0
HER2	Positive		4	21.1
	Negative		15	78.9
History of therapy	Tamoxifen		4	21.1
	AI		17	89.5
	Trastuzumab		2	10.5
	Chemotherapy		9	47.4
	Type of chemotherapy	Anthracycline	8	42.1
		Taxane	7	36.8
		5-FU	3	15.8
		Eribulin	1	5.3
		Vinorelbine	1	5.3
Site of metastasis	Liver		7	36.8
	Lung		12	63.2
	Bone		11	57.9
	Pleura		2	10.5
	Peritoneum		1	5.3
	Soft tissue		9	47.4
AI resistance	Primary		9	47.4
	Secondary		8	42.1
Response of HD-TOR	CR		1	5.3
	PR		3	15.8
	ORR		4	21.1
	Long SD		2	10.5
	CBR		6	31.6
	SD		0	0.0
	PD		12	63.2
	NE		1	5.3

HER2: human epidermal growth factor receptor 2; AI: aromatase inhibitor; HD-TOR: high-dose toremifene; CR: complete response; PR: partial response; ORR: overall response rate; SD: stable disease; CBR: clinical benefit rate; PD: progressive disease; NE: not evaluable.