Platform Tolerant RFID Tag Antenna Design for Safety and Real-Time Tracking of On-site Workers at Riskier Workplaces

Table 2

Comparison of proposed tag with other tag.

Reference	Tag antenna structure	RFID IC	Chip sensitivity (dBm)	EIRP (W)	Volumetric size (L × W × H) (mm^3)	Gain/directivity (dB/dBi)	Maximum read range on metal (meters)
[37]	Dual antenna patch structure	NXP’s UCODE 7	−21	3.3	10,264	−4.98 dB	4.3 m
[38]	Loop bowtie strap feed structure	Higgs-3	−18	4	880	−9 dB	2.7 m
[39]	Dual loop structure	Higgs-3	−18	4	742.5	NA	6.1
[40]	Z-slot patch structure	Higgs-3	−18	4	1140	NA	10
[41]	Folded patch structure	Monza R6	−20	3.28	2560	NA	5
[42]	Single-layer meandered structure	SOT1040-1 chip	—	1	1360	1.88 dBi	5.78 m
[43]	Single-sided dual antenna structure	Monza 2	−18	3.3	7840	−9 dB	6.0 m
[44]	Single-sided dual antenna structure	—	—	4	5360	0 dBi	4.4 m
[45]	Double-layer antenna with a rectangular loop	—	—	4	2329	—	4 m
[46]	3D-dipole antenna	Alien Higgs-4 chip		4	2800	—	5.1 m
[47]	Single-layer U-shaped feeder structure	Higgs-4	−20.5	4	1950	−8 dB	6.9
This work	Dipole 3D patch structure	Higgs-3	−18	3.28	1872	−4.87 dB/−2.1 dB metal/helmet	5.9 m/7.1 m metal/helmet