Aerial Nitrogen Fluxes and Soil Nitrate in response to Fall-Applied Manure and Fertilizer Applications in Eastern South Dakota

Table 6

Average nitrous oxide nitrogen fluxes (±standard error)^z for the four treatments based on time (sampling day) for Year 1 (Y1) and Year 2 (Y2).

Date	Soil temp. (°C)	m	Corrected nitrous oxide nitrogen fluxes (g·ha^−1·hr^−1)
			Manure with bedding	Manure only	Urea	No fertilizer	Mean
10/30/2015	n/a
11/3/2015	Y1 manure application
11/10/2015	8.6 ± 1.1	18.4 ± 3.8	1.23 ± 0.26	0.97 ± 0.17	1.06 ± 0.09	0.77 ± 0.11	1.01 ± 0.09
11/16/2015	9.1 ± 0.2	22.1 ± 2.4	0.86 ± 0.43	0.26 ± 0.11	0.77 ± 0.11	0.54 ± 0.42	0.61 ± 0.15
4/24/2016	14.4 ± 1.2	24.4 ± 2.2	5.81 ± 4.68	0.66 ± 0.11	2.69 ± 0.69	1.04 ± 0.27	2.55 ± 1.18
5/2/2016	Y1 corn planting
5/9/2016	14.2 ± 0.5	19.7 ± 3.9	1.39 ± 0.80	0.36 ± 0.09	0.43 ± 0.20	0.51 ± 0.29	0.68 ± 0.23
6/1/2016	17.9 ± 0.8	25.1 ± 2.5	1.10 ± 0.58	0.05 ± 0.03	0.82 ± 0.42	0.46 ± 0.23	0.61 ± 0.20
7/7/2016	20.2 ± 0.7	30.9 ± 4.2	1.02 ± 0.16	0.97 ± 0.13	1.07 ± 0.19	0.90 ± 0.12	0.99 ± 0.07
8/2/2016	24.2 ± 1.4	20.8 ± 2.0	−0.03 ± 0.03	0.07 ± 0.07	−0.02 ± 0.05	0.01 ± 0.06	0.01 ± 0.03
Y1			0.85 ± 0.39	0.34 ± 0.15	0.79 ± 0.37	0.43 ± 0.20	0.54 ± 0.18	a
11/9/2016	7.8 ± 0.2	28 ± 0.4	−0.55	−3.08	−8.73	6.02	−1.59
11/16/2016	Manure application
11/17/2016	5.7 ± 0.2	32.5 ± 2.4	0.40 ± 0.17	0.40 ± 0.23	0.1 ± 0.07	0.01 ± 0.03	0.23 ± 0.08
11/22/2016	1.4 ± 0.4	36.9 ± 3.5	0.46 ± 0.21	0.14 ± 0.06	0.19 ± 0.14	0.09 ± 0.12	0.22 ± 0.08
12/1/2016	0.8 ± 0.3	42.6 ± 2.2	0.49 ± 0.31	1.11 ± 0.67	0.54 ± 0.28	0.01 ± 0.02	0.54 ± 0.21
4/25/2017	5.9 ± 0.3	27.8 ± 3.2	0.58 ± 0.25	0.11 ± 0.08	2.84 ± 1.68	0.09 ± 0.11	0.91 ± 0.48
5/6/2017	Y2 corn planting
5/16/2017	17 ± 0.8	31.6 ± 4.2	3.35 ± 2.24	1.97 ± 1.33	4.16 ± 0.89	2.89 ± 2.54	3.09 ± 0.86
6/2/2017	Y2 corn replanting
6/9/2017	25.5 ± 1.3	19.8 ± 3.9	0.35 ± 0.22	0.35 ± 0.22	1.1 ± 0.62	0.52 ± 0.43	0.58 ± 0.2
7/10/2017	29.6 ± 1.6	22.6 ± 3.0	0.7 ± 0.35	0.79 ± 0.24	2.96 ± 1.31	0.62 ± 0.38	1.27 ± 0.41
8/10/2017	20 ± 1.4	38.3 ± 1.5	0.16 ± 0.12	0.12 ± 0.13	0.55 ± 0.3	0.54 ± 0.51	0.34 ± 0.15
Y2			0.31 ± 0.13	0.36 ± 0.16	0.88 ± 0.39	0.15 ± 0.07	0.34 ± 0.11	a
Y1Y2			0.49 ± 0.15 ab	0.33 ± 0.10 ab	0.79 ± 0.25 a	0.25 ± 0.08 b

^zMean ± SE = estimated mean ± standard error obtained from least squared means table. Different letters in overall mean among the treatments indicate significant difference at . The absence of letters indicates between means.