Bile Reflux Gastritis: Insights into Pathogenesis, Relevant Factors, Carcinomatous Risk, Diagnosis, and Management

Table 1

Comparison of diagnostic techniques for BRG.

Diagnostic techniques	Characteristics
Gastroscopy with aspiration of gastric juice	Widely used and accepted, convenient; poor specificity
Hepatobiliary scintigraphy	Sensitive, noninvasive, reproducible; expensive, radioactive, lack of anatomical resolution, unable to accurately quantify volume, concentration and the composition of the refluxate
Fiberoptic bilirubin monitoring	Reliable; poorly tolerated, immature
Esophageal impedance pH testing	Sensitive, reproducible, quantify acidic, weakly acidic and nonacidic reflux episodes; poor specificity, afflictive