Gel Immersion Endoscopic Mucosal Resection (EMR) for Superficial Nonampullary Duodenal Epithelial Tumors May Reduce Procedure Time Compared with Underwater EMR (with Video)

Table 2

Procedure-related outcomes.

	UEMR	GIEMR	Effect size
En bloc resection	13/14; (93%)	10/10; (100%)	0.18^1	1.0^1
R0 resection	8/14; (57%)	8/10; (80%)	0.24^1	0.39^3
Median procedure time (range, minutes)	10; (3–25)	5; (3–10)	0.99^2	0.016^4
Median amount of filling water/gel (range, ml)	170^5; (100–480)	100; (50–100)	1.49^2	0.0012^4
Adverse events			NaN	1.0^3
Intraprocedural or delayed perforation	0	0
Intraoperative bleeding	1	1
Delayed bleeding	0	0

¹Cramer’s . ²Cohen’s . ³Fisher’s exact test. ⁴Mann–Whitney test. ⁵Only seven recorded cases. GIEMR: gel immersion endoscopic mucosal resection; UEMR: underwater endoscopic mucosal resection.].