International Normalized Ratio-to-Albumin Ratio as a Novel Marker of Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding Severity

Table 2

Influencing factors of ICU admission and mortality.

Factor	Non-ICU “()	ICU “()	ICU admission		Survival “(n=484)	Mortality “(n=35)	Mortality
			Crude OR “(95% CI)	Adjusted OR^a “(95% CI)			Crude OR “(95% CI)	Adjusted OR^b “(95% CI)
PTAR	0.293 (0.153–1.745)	0.390 (0.188– 1.685)	40.943 (12.856–130.393)	8.376 2.722–25.774	0.319 (0.153–1.685)	0.574 (0.206–1.745)	31.525 (11.379–87.340)	27.846 (8.701–89.116)
GBS	8 (0–16)	10 (0–16)	1.156 (1.100–1.214)	0.991 0.906–1.085	9 (0–16)	11 (3–16)	1.165 (1.057–1.283)	0.963 (0.822–1.127)
AIMS65 score	1 (0–5)	2 (0–5)	1.732 (1.447–2.074)	1.699 1.318–2.192	1 (0–5)	2 (0–5)	2.335 (1.744–3.127)	2.154 (1.473–3.149)
Rockall score (pre-endoscopy)	4 (0–7)	4 (0–7)	1.365 (1.194–1.562)	1.238 0.957–1.601	4 (0–7)	5 (2–7)	1.877 (1.421–2.478)	1.647 (1.048–2.589)
Rockall score (complete)	6 (0–10)	7 (3–10)	1.390 (1.250–1.546)	1.307 1.102–1.549	6 (0–10)	7 (4–10)	1.631 (1.309–2.031)	1.363 (0.999–1.858)

ICU, intensive care unit; OR, odds ratio; CI, confidence interval; PTAR, prothrombin time-international normalized ratio-to-albumin ratio; GBS, Glasgow–Blatchford Score; AIM65, albumin, international normalized ratio, mental status, systolic blood pressure, age>65 years. ^aControlled for age, sex, systolic blood pressure, comorbidities, hemoglobin, and platelet count. ^bControlled for age, sex, systolic blood pressure, comorbidities, and hemoglobin.