Research Article
Routine Multiple Duodenal Biopsy during Endoscopy of Dyspeptic Patients Seems Unnecessary for Screening of Celiac Disease
Table 1
Comparison of the characteristics of participants with and without celiac disease.
| Variable | Non-CD () | CD () | |
| Demographics | Age (years) | | | 0.43 | Sex | Male | 159 (30.0%) | 4 (26.0%) | 0.48 | Female | 356 (67.0%) | 11 (73.0%) | Medical history | Dyspeptic complaint | Bloating | 113 (23.3%) | 7 (46.7%) | 0.09 | Epigastric pain | 205 (42.3%) | 6 (40.0%) | Postprandial fullness | 37 (7.6%) | 2 (13.3%) | Early satiety | 34 (7.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | Reflux | 96 (19.8%) | 0 (0.0%) | Family history of CD | 1 (0.2%) | 2 (13.3%) | <0.01 | Laboratory findings | Anti-TTG (U/ml) | | | <0.01 | Abnormal anti-TTG level | 21 (4.1%) | 15 (100.0%) | <0.01 | Hemoglobin (mg/dl) | | | <0.01 | Ferritin (ng/ml) | | | <0.01 | TIBC (μg/dl) | | | <0.01 | Iron deficiency anemia | 34 (6.6%) | 6 (40.0%) | <0.01 | Vitamin D (ng/ml) | | | 0.69 | Vitamin D deficiency | 329 (63.9%) | 11 (73.3%) | 0.32 | Endoscopic findings | H. pylori infection | 2 (13.3%) | 13 (86.7%) | 0.57 | Histopathological findings of the mucosal specimens | No atrophy | 487 (98.4%) | 0 (0.0%) | <0.01 | Marsh I | 5 (1.0%) | 3 (20.0%) | Marsh II | 3 (0.6%) | 3 (20.0%) | Marsh III | 0 (0.0%) | 9 (60.0%) | Duodenoscopy findings | Normal | 362 (73.3%) | 0 (0.0%) | <0.01 | Atrophy | 18 (3.6%) | 7 (46.7%) | Scalloping | 4 (0.8%) | 1 (6.7%) | Nodularity | 6 (1.2%) | 3 (20.0%) | Fissuring | 2 (0.4%) | 3 (20.0%) | Ulcer | 43 (8.7%) | 0 (0.0%) | Erosion | 59 (11.9%) | 1 (6.7%) |
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CD: celiac disease; TTG: tissue transglutaminase; TIBC: total iron binding capacity; H: Helicobacter. Chi-square test. Independent samples -test. |