Current Role of Minimally Invasive Radical Cholecystectomy for Gallbladder Cancer

Table 4

MiRC for GbC: intraoperative and postoperative outcomes and pathologic findings.

Author, year of publication	Mean blood loss, mL (range)	Mean operation duration, min (range)	Morbidity	Mortality	Mean LOS, days (range)	Mean f-up duration, months	DFS at last f-up, rate	Recurrence location	T0-T1a/T1b/T2/T3	Mean number of resected nodes, (range)	NX/N0/N+
Cho et al., 2008 [16]	Minor	102; (89–146)	0	0	5; (4–7)	15	100%	—	1/0/2/0	4; (4-5)	0/3/0
de Aretxabala et al., 2010 [17]	NS	NS	0	0	3; NS	22	80%	Peritoneum (case 1)	3/13/5/2	6; (3–12)	8/14/1
Gumbs and Hoffman, 2010 [18]	117; (50–200)	227; (120–360)	0	0	4; (3–5)	NS	NS	NS	0/1/0/0	3; (1–6)	0/1/0
Gumbs and Hoffman, 2010 [19]	137; (50–300)	204; (95–360)	0	0	4; (3-4)	NS	NS	NS	0/0/0/1	3; (1–6)	0/0/1
Belli et al., 2011 [25]	85	162	0	0	5	33	100%	No	NA	NA	NA
Shen et al., 2012 [20]	210; (50–400)	200; (120–360)	0	0	7	11	80%	NS	0/0/2/3	9; (3–11)	0/2/3
Gumbs et al., 2013 [21]	160; (0–400)	220; (120–480)	0	0	4; (2–8)	23	87%	Hep pedicle (case 1); Liver (case 2)	0/8/4/3	4; (1–11)	0/12/3
Machado et al., 2015 [15]	240	300	0	0	4	12	100%	—	0/1/0/0	9	0/1/0
Yoon et al., 2015 [22]	100; (10–1500)	205; (90–360)	6/32	0	4; (2–13)	60	95%	Liver (case 1); Lung (case 2); Liver + lung (case 3); Colon (case 4)	0/7/25/0	7; (1–15)	0/27/5
Shirobe and Maruyama, 2015 [23]	92; (10–643)	196; (150–490)	1/11	0	6; (4–19)	84	82%	Hep pedicle + pleural (case 1); Hep pedicle (case 2)	0/3/8/0	13; (9–18)	0/11/0
Agarwal et al., 2015 [26]	200; (100–850)	270; (180–340)	3/24	0	5; (3–16)	18	96%	Hep pedicle (case 1)	4/1/11/8	10; (4–31)	0/19/5
Itano et al., 2015 [27]	152; (±90)	368; (±73)	1/16	0	9; (±1.6)	37	100%	—	1/2/13/0	13; (±3.1)	0/16/0
Palanisamy et al., 2016 [24]	196; (±73)	212; (±26)	4/14	0	5; (±0.9)	51	75%	NS	0/0/11/1	8; (4–14)	0/9/3

MiRC: minimally invasive radical cholecystectomy, GbC: gallbladder cancer, f-up: follow-up, DFS: disease-free survival, NS: not specified, and LOS: length of hospital stay.
Pathologic findings available for only one patient.
Multicenter retrospective study.
Data regarding 23 patients affected by GbC initially included in the study (including 5 patients who underwent only laparoscopic exploration, without attempt for MiRC).
The absence of postoperative bile leak, abdominal collection, and need for reoperation.
Blood loss, operation duration, LOS, and resected nodes # are expressed in median (range).
Blood loss, operation duration, LOS, and resected nodes # are expressed in mean (±standard deviation). Only 12 patients affected by GbC were included in pathological and survival analysis.