Review Article
The Role of Mast Cells in Irritable Bowel Syndrome
Table 1
Studies examining correlations between mast cells and symptoms in IBS.
| Subjects number | Sex (M : F) | Age (mean) | Bowel habits | Location | Mast cells mediators | MC-associated symptoms/findings | Ref. |
| 25 IBS 12 CTL | 7 : 18 4 : 8 | 36 26.9 | 13 IBS-D 12 IBS-C | Descending colon | Inc. MC Inc. Tryp, histamine, & serotonin | Abdominal pain | [23] | 21 IBS 10 CTL | 10 : 11 4 : 6 | 11.2 9.3 | 13 IBS-D 8 IBS-C | Ileum, Rt & Lt colon | MC close to nerve | Abdominal pain | [24] | 44 IBS 22 CTL | 13 : 31 10 : 12 | 40.1 32.5 | 22 IBS-D 22 IBS-C | Descending colon | Inc. MC Inc. Tryp | Abdominal pain | [25] | 23 IBS 22 CTL | 3 : 20 7 : 15 | 53 64 | 8 IBS-D 8 IBS-C 7 IBS-A | Rectosigmoid colon | Inc. MC | Abdominal pain | [26] | 48 IBS 24 CTL | 13 : 35 9 : 15 | 42.7 32 | 27 IBS-D 21 IBS-C | Descending colon | Inc. MC | Abdominal bloating | [27] | 34 IBS 15 CTL | 6 : 28 9 : 6 | 51 54 | 10 IBS-C 13 IBS-D 11 IBS-M | Cecum | Inc. MC Inc. Tryp | Symptom severity; colonic permeability | [28] | 25 IBS 23 CTL | 6 : 19 12 : 11 | 35.2 31.4 | IBS-D | Jejunum | Inc. MC Inc. Tryp | Stool frequency & consistency; tight junction protein | [29] | 45 IBS 30 CTL | 11 : 34 14 : 16 | 33.7 36.3 | IBS-D | Jejunum | Inc. MC Inc. Tryp | Stool frequency & consistency; CLDN2 & OCLD | [30] | 50 IBS 21 CTL | 9 : 41 7 : 14 | 53.8 56.5 | 21 IBS-D 29 IBS-C | Cecum | Inc. MC | Fatigue & depression | [31] | 55 IBS 18 CTL | 39 : 16 12 : 6 | 43.4 43.6 | IBS-D | Ileum, ascending & sigmoid colon | Inc. MC | Rectal sensitivity | [32] | 16 IBS 7 CTL | 6 : 10 4 : 3 | 54.6 49 | IBS-D | Rectum | Inc. Tryp | Intestinal permeability | [33] | 37 IBS 11 CTL | 10 : 27 5 : 6 | 35.2 24.9 | 16 IBS-D 21 IBS-C | Descending colon | Inc. MC | Supernatant-evoked cholinergic twitch | [34] | 11 IBS 4 CTL | 4 : 7 2 : 2 | | 7 IBS-D 4 IBS-C | Descending colon | Inc. MC Inc. Tryp | Supernatant-evoked spikes | [35] | 22 IBS 21 CTL | 12 : 10 11 : 10 | 50 53.4 | IBS-D | Rectum | Inc. MC Inc. SP & VIP | No correlation | [36] | 20 IBS 14 CTL | 6 : 14 8 : 6 | 32.8 27.9 | IBS-D | Jejunum | Inc. MC Inc. Tryp | No correlation | [37] | 18 IBS 15 CTL | 8 : 10 5 : 10 | 42.6 41.4 | IBS-D | Ileum, ascending colon, & rectum | Inc. MC | No correlation | [38] | 66 IBS 20 CTL | 17 : 49 7 : 13 | 38 31 | 15 IBS-D 15 IBS-C 36 IBS-A | Ascending & descending colon | Dec. MC | No correlation | [39] | 60 IBS 22 CTL | 17 : 43 7 : 15 | 36.2 30 | 22 IBS-D 9 IBS-C 29 IBS-A | Rectum, descending colon | Dec. MC Dec. Tryp | No correlation | [40] |
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CLDN: claudin; CTL: control; Dec.: decreased; IBS: irritable bowel syndrome; IBS-A: alternating IBS; IBS-C: constipation predominant IBS; IBS-D: diarrhea predominant IBS; Inc.: increased; MC: mast cell; OCLD: occludin; Tryp: tryptase; SP: substance P; VIP: vasoactive intestinal peptide.
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