Monitoring techniques are a consolidated practice developed in different research fields. Their studies and analyses give general recommendations for potentially suitable techniques.

Extensive monitoring programs have been deployed in current scientific studies in order to fulfil the requirements of the regulations in place and to test the applicability of different geosciences monitoring methods. Thus, ongoing monitoring is the only viable option, and development of innovative monitoring techniques should be encouraged both in public and private sectors. The interpretation of this monitoring data needs to relate the results to the knowledge of other research fields, such as topography and geology.

Monitoring geofluids is fundamental to many research areas. This Special Issue describes innovative monitoring techniques spanning the scope of this journal, including groundwater, terrestrial or submarine geothermal fluids, petroleum, metamorphic waters, or magmatic fluids. This encompasses geological, geophysical, geochemical, hydrogeological (e.g., managed aquifer recharge and unconventional gas production impacts), and geomatics (e.g., deformation analysis or displace detection) monitoring approaches. Realizing the potential crossover in relevance and potential applicability of new techniques between complimentary areas of geofluids research, this Special Issue deliberately encompasses monitoring for a wide range of research on geofluids.

This Special Issue aims to bring together a series of contributions of research and review articles showing recent advances in the development and new application of state-of-the-art monitoring methods. This issue will cover aspects of different monitoring methods applied in a large scale of geosciences (geology science, geothermal energy, and hydrogeology aspects).

Potential topics include but are not limited to the following:

• New monitoring techniques and monitoring framework in geofluids
• Advanced geological field and monitoring systems for monitoring geofluids for landslide and hydrogeological and seismic risk
• Geothermal systems and monitoring applications
• Monitoring of Groundwater Heat Pump Systems (GWHPs) in urban areas
• Different geomatics techniques applied in geofluid context