With the increase of the aging population worldwide, diabetes has become a public health problem. Many efforts have been paid towards both understanding its mechanism and therapeutic strategies, but its prevalence is still expanding. Novel agents such as DPP-IV inhibitors bring new possibilities for this disease, but its long-term efficacy needs further evaluation. Exploring new strategies seems to be extremely urgent to contain the spread of diabetes.

Traditional medicine plays a pivotal role in preserving health in the ancient world. Current research suggests that many traditional medicines have definite anti-diabetic effects, such as Danggui Buxue Decoction. A series of active components have been recognized to possess effects against development of diabetes and its complications, for example, berberine from Coptis chinensis. Development of omics further supplied evidence of the effects of traditional medicine on diabetes. Traditional medicine can provide novel insights into the personalized prediction and intervention of diabetes and its related diseases. However, this field is still largely unexplored.

This Special Issue aims to provide a platform involving molecular biology, mechanisms, pathophysiology, omics, and any other related issues to discuss the role of traditional medicine on diabetes and its complications. Original research articles and clinical studies as well as review articles that illustrate the concerned topic are welcome.

Potential topics include but are not limited to the following:

• Pharmacological research of traditional medicine on diabetes and its complications
• Active components screening of traditional medicine on diabetes and its complications
• Clinical study of traditional medicine on diabetes and its complications
• Omics of traditional medicine on diabetes and its complications
• Role of gut microbiota in traditional medicine treated diabetes and its complications
• Integrative application of traditional medicine and modern medicine on diabetes and its complications
• Advances as well as Challenges of traditional medicine on diabetes
• Diagnostic progress of diabetes and its complications based on traditional medicine