There is a growing population of elderly worldwide. Ageing impacts nearly all sectors of society, especially healthcare. The 2002 Madrid International Plan of Action on Ageing recognized the many benefits of greater longevity for individuals, families, and society.

The main factors influencing the quality of life of a person are psychological, health, and social factors. As populations grow older, it is more important than ever to design healthcare practices that include physical and mental health activities in order to support older persons. Healthcare systems around the world are working to promote healthy ageing, to help prevent and treat non-communicable diseases, as well as to expand access to quality long-term and palliative care. Current medical practices usually treat age-related diseases in elderlies. However, most of the time, the psychological and well-being issues of elderlies are left aside.

The aim of this Special Issue is to bring together original research and review articles highlighting the current and potential research-based methodologies in improving the physical and well-being of elderlies with balneotherapy. We also encourage authors to submit research concerning the development of methodologies based on balneotherapy for increased natural immunity and mental health of seniors. Submissions discussing the most appropriate therapeutic environments for balneotherapy are also welcome.

Potential topics include but are not limited to the following:

• Balneotherapy to improve the physical health of elderlies
• Balneotherapy to improve the mental health of elderlies
• Current challenges of balneotherapy for elderlies
• Compatibility of modern medicine with balneotherapy
• Therapeutic environments for balneotherapy