Arteriosclerosis is the leading cause of mortality in industrialized countries, and it is related to hardening, thickening, and loss of elasticity of the walls of arteries. Currently, there are three main categories of arteriosclerosis: atherosclerosis, Mönckeberg medial calcific sclerosis, and arteriolosclerosis. This process gradually restricts the blood flow to tissues and can lead to severe health risks. The main cause of arteriosclerosis is atherosclerosis, a pathological process involving the endothelium of the tunica media and intima and related to the oxidation of cholesterol followed by a complex inflammatory chain. Atherosclerosis is the primary cause of coronary artery disease and stroke, with multiple genetic and environmental contributions.

Among the therapeutic options available to treat arteriosclerosis, the use of natural products stands out. Natural compounds have been applied since ancient times and remain an important therapeutic resource around the world. Despite widespread use, many natural compounds have not experienced careful scientific investigation, whether they are studies of efficacy, toxicity, or drug-to-drug interactions. In addition, there are continued efforts to discover new therapeutic options for the prevention and treatment of arteriosclerosis and related disorders.

In this Special Issue, we would like to invite investigators to submit preclinical or clinical studies focusing on the potential of natural products for the prevention and treatment of arteriosclerosis and related disorders. We will consider both original research and review articles.

Potential topics include but are not limited to the following:

• The effect of natural products on endothelial function, vascular inflammation, and vascular redox states
• Isolation and characterization of natural products with cardioprotective effects
• Plant-derived medicines in the regulation of vascular tone
• Natural products useful in the treatment of dyslipidemia
• Preclinical and clinical trials of natural products as anti-atherosclerotic agents
• Efficacy and safety of natural products for the prevention and treatment of arteriosclerosis and related disorders
• Mechanisms of traditional drugs based on omics strategies with cardioprotective effects
• Systematic reviews of natural products with cardioprotective effects focused on endothelial function and/or arteriosclerosis
• Toxicological effects of natural products related to endothelial function and arteriosclerosis
• Synergistic effects of drugs and natural products on cardiovascular protection