Antimalarial Activities of Hydromethanolic Crude Extract and Chloroform Fraction of Gardenia ternifolia Leaves in Plasmodium berghei Infected Mice

Table 1

Phytoconstituents of hydromethanolic crude extract of G. ternifolia leaves.

Phytochemical	Type of test	Appearance when positive	Result
Alkaloids	Wagner’s and Mayer’s tests	Reddish brown and white creamy ppt	+
Anthraquinones	(Borntrager’s test) chloroform + NaOH	Red colour	+
cardiac glycosides	(Keller–Killani test) glacial acetic acid + ferric chloride + concentrated sulfuric acid	A brown ring	-
Flavonoids	Alkaline reagent test	Colourless	+
Phenols	Ferric chloride	Bluish black	+
Resins	Ethanol + distilled water	Formation of a precipitate	-
Saponins	Foam test	Foam	+
Sterols	(Liebermann–Burchard test) chloroform + acetic acid + sulphuric acid	Blue green ring	+
Tannins	Ferric chloride	A brownish green or blue black coloration	+
Terpenoids	(Salkowski test) sulphuric acid + chloroform	Reddish brown	+

(+) indicates presence; (−) indicates absence; ppt.: precipitate.