Optimization of Extraction Conditions of Phytochemical Compounds and Anti-Gout Activity of Euphorbia hirta L. (Ara Tanah) Using Response Surface Methodology and Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS) Analysis
Table 2
Response surface central composite design (uncoded) and results for total flavonoid content, total phenolic content, and xanthine oxidase inhibitory activity.
Run order
X1 (extraction time) (min)
X2 (extraction temperature) (°C)
X3 (solid-to-liquid ratio) (g/ml)
Y1/total flavonoid content (mg RE/g)b
Y2 (total phenolic content (mg GAE/g)c
Y3 (xanthine oxidase inhibitory activity) (%)
1a
32.5
75
15
50.92
130.53
95.13
2a
32.5
75
15
60.62
140.76
97.66
3a
32.5
75
15
60.54
140.63
97.28
4
32.5
50
15
50.78
120.76
90.07
5a
32.5
75
15
60.38
140.28
96.60
6
32.5
75
20
60.55
150.95
84.95
7a
32.5
75
15
60.44
130.66
96.44
8
5
50
20
60.34
150.87
89.75
9
32.5
75
10
50.27
120.49
94.57
10
60
50
10
40.98
110.38
95.31
11
60
50
20
60.99
150.97
73.32
12
60
100
10
50.11
110.69
94.94
13
60
75
15
50.44
120.43
87.39
14
32.5
100
15
50.89
130.45
89.26
15
5
100
20
70.41
160.92
88.93
16
5
75
15
60.26
140.30
97.44
17
5
100
10
50.17
110.81
94.95
18
5
50
10
40.96
110.34
94.83
19
60
100
20
60.75
150.42
72.96
20a
32.5
75
15
60.42
140.66
94.19
aCenter point. bTotal flavonoid content was expressed as mg rutin equivalents in 1 g of dried sample (mg RE/g). cTotal phenolic content was expressed as mg gallic acid equivalents in 1 g of dried sample (mg GAE/g).
