Research Article
Human Tongue Thermography Could Be a Prognostic Tool for Prescreening the Type II Diabetes Mellitus
Table 3
Baseline characteristics of total population (N = 140).
| | Parameters & GLCM features | Normal (N = 70) | Diabetes (N = 70) | value |
| | Age (years) | 43.88 ± 10.71 | 47.38 ± 7.42 | 0.02 (s) | | Height (cm) | 160.90 ± 6.95 | 159.27 ± 10.17 | 0.27 (ns) | | Weight (kg) | 63.48 ± 13.54 | 66.06 ± 11.76 | 0.23 (ns) | | BMI (Kg/m2) | 24.51 ± 4.98 | 26.13 ± 5.45 | 0.06 (ns) | | Onset of diabetes duration (years) | — | 8.78 ± 6.26 | — | | Spo2 (%) | 97.9 ± 0.81 | 98.1 ± 0.68 | 0.11 (ns) | | Core body temperature (°C) | 36.87 ± 0.30 | 36.93 ± 0.42 | 0.33 (ns) | | Waist circumference (cm) | 79.57 ± 12.44 | 84.51 ± 14.89 | 0.01 (s) | | Hip circumference (cm) | 87.22 ± 11.69 | 91.75 ± 17.38 | 0.07 (ns) | | Systolic pressure (mmHg) | 122 ± 15.18 | 122.85 ± 18.42 | 0.07 (ns) | | Diastolic pressure (mmHg) | 76.42 ± 9.33 | 76.14 ± 9.82 | 0.86 (ns) | | HbA1c (%) | 5.27 ± 0.15 | 8.58 ± 2.30 | 0.0001 (s) | | FBS (mg/dL) | 94.31 ± 10.04 | 148.67 ± 58.72 | 0.0001 (s) | | PPBS (mg/dL) | 116.02 ± 15.15 | 225.32 ± 98.73 | 0.0001 (s) | | EAG (mg/dL) | 119.77 ± 7.21 | 191.1 ± 66.57 | 0.0001 (s) | | Tongue surface temperature (°C) ROI | 34.62 ± 0.77 | 35.23 ± 0.61 | 0.0001 (s) | | Contrast | 0.86 ± 0.40 | 0.74 ± 0.23 | 0.0412 (s) | | Correlation | 0.78 ± 0.04 | 0.76 ± 0.08 | 0.1269 (ns) | | Energy | 0.27 ± 0.17 | 0.19 ± 0.04 | 0.0001 (s) | | Homogeneity | 0.80 ± 0.07 | 0.79 ± 0.02 | 0.7066 (ns) | | Mean | 6.17 ± 0.90 | 6.51 ± 0.41 | 0.0047 (s) | | Standard deviation | 47.75 ± 18.42 | 79.91 ± 11.01 | 0.0001 (s) | | Entropy | 45.88 ± 5.12 | 41.63 ± 10.55 | 0.0029 (s) | | Skewness | 3.78 ± 0.88 | 2.82 ± 0.35 | 0.0001 (s) | | Variance | 18.37 ± 8.98 | 10.38 ± 1.76 | 0.0001 (s) | | Kurtosis | 0.01 ± 0.006 | 0.02 ± 0.008 | 0.0018 (s) |
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s: significant; ns: nonsignificant.
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