Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine

Research Article

In Vitro Antiplasmodium and Chloroquine Resistance Reversal Effects of Andrographolide

Table 4

Cytotoxicity of andrographolide and chloroquine against Plasmodium falciparum, RBCs, and Vero cells and the cytotoxic effect of andrographolide against Plasmodium falciparum (3D7 and K1), Vero cells, and RBCs.


	Andrographolide	Chloroquine

Part A
g.m.w (g/mole)	350.5	515
Molar concentration (μM) equivalent to 30 μg/ml	8.56	5.83

Part B (IC₅₀values against Plasmodium falciparum 3D7 and K1, Vero cells, and RBCs)
IC₅₀ against RBCs in μM	>1000	>1000
IC₅₀ against Vero cells in μM	>1000	>1000
P. falciparum 3D7 μM	1.4 ± 0.03	0.021 ± 0.002
SI compared with RBCs	992	>1000
SI compared with Vero cells	680	>1000
P. falciparum K1, μM	1.2 ± 0.15	0.265 ± 0.05
SI compared with RBCs	965	>1000
SI compared with Vero cells	650	>1000

Part C (IC₉₀values against Plasmodium falciparum 3D7 and K1, Vero cells and RBCs)
P. falciparum 3D7 μM	23.639 ± 2.76	0.043 ± 0.001
SI compared with RBCs
SI compared with Vero cells
P. falciparum K1 μM	28.023 ± 6.93	0.92 ± 0.05
SI compared with RBCs	280
SI compared with Vero cells

The table provided in part A represents the g.m.w of each item and the concentration limit in μM that is equivalent to 30 μg/ml; in part B, IC₅₀ values against the mentioned cells as well as the IC₅₀-based selectivity indices; And in subpart C, IC₉₀ values against the mentioned cells as well as the IC₉₀-based selectivity indices are listed.