Protective Effects of Broussonetia kazinoki Siebold Fruit Extract against Palmitate-Induced Lipotoxicity in Mesangial Cells

Figure 2

BKFE inhibits PA-induced apoptosis in SV40 MES13 cells. (a) SV40 MES13 cells were pretreated with 20 μg/ml BKFE for 1 h and then further incubated with 100 μM PA for 24 h. Cell apoptosis was analyzed by flow cytometry using the Annexin V (FITC)/PI binding assay. Percentage on representative flow cytometry data indicates the early (the lower right quadrant) and late (the upper right quadrant) apoptotic cells. (b) Percentage of apoptotic cells was calculated by the sum of early and late apoptotic cells. (c) SV40 MES13 cells were pretreated with 20 μg/ml BKFE for 1 h and then further incubated with 100 μM PA for 18 h. The protein levels of PARP and Caspase-3 were measured by western blotting (five independent experiments). The relative expression of the proteins was normalized to that of β-actin and quantified using the ImageJ software. p<0.01, and p<0.001.

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