Review Article

Preclinical and Clinical Evidence Supporting Use of Cannabidiol in Psychiatry

Table 2

Clinical studies investigating CBD effects in social anxiety disorder (SAD).

Psychiatric disorderStudy designPopulationTreatmentEndpointsOutcomeReference

Generalized social anxiety disorder (SAD)Randomized, double-blind, controlled trialSample: a total of 24 never-treated subjects with generalized SAD and 12 healthy control subjectsSAD patients were randomly assigned to two groups with 12 subjects each to receive CBD (600 mg) or placebo 1 hour and half an hour before the test
Healthy controls (n. 12) did not receive any medication
Simulation public speaking test (SPST)
Subjective ratings on VAMS and negative self-statement scale, and physiological measures (blood pressure, heart rate, and skin conductance) were measured at six different time points during the SPST
Pretreatment with CBD significantly reduced anxiety, cognitive impairment, and discomfort in speech performance and significantly decreased alert in anticipatory speechCannabidiol reduces the anxiety induced by simulated public speaking in treatment-naıve social phobia patients; Bergamaschi et al. [37]

Generalized social anxiety disorder (SAD)Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover studySample: 10 treatment-naıve patients with SAD aging 20–33 years (mean age 24.2 years; SD 3.7)Acute oral dose of CBD (400 mg) or placeboBrief Social Phobia Scale (BSPS) and Social Phobia Inventory (SPIN) regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) at rest was measured twice using (99 m) Tc-ECD SPECTReduction anxiety in SAD patients associated with reduced ECD uptake in the left parahippocampal gyrus, hippocampus, and inferior temporal gyrus, and increased ECD uptake in the right posterior cingulate gyrusNeural basis of anxiolytic effects of cannabidiol (CBD) in generalized social anxiety disorder: a preliminary report; Crippa et al. [38]

CBD: cannabidiol; VAMS: Visual Analogue Mood Scale; BSPS: Brief Social Phobia Scale; SPIN: Social Phobia Inventory; Tc-99 ECD: technetium-99 m ethyl cysteinate dimer (ECD); SPECT: single photon emission computed tomography; SD: standard deviation.