Syzygium jambos Displayed Antibacterial and Antibiotic-Modulating Activities against Resistant Phenotypes
Table 7
Resistance modulating effects of the leaves methanol extract from Syzygium jambos at its subinhibitory concentrations on selected MDR Gram-negative bacteria.
Antibiotics
Extract concentration
Bacteria, MIC (μg/mL), and modulating factors (in bracket)
Antibiotic modulating effect (%)
E. coli
E. aerogenes
K. pneumoniae
P. stuartii
P. aeruginosa
AG102
AG100Atet
EA27
EA289
KP55
KP63
PS2636
NEA16
PA01
PA 124
CHL
0
64
8
64
64
64
64
32
64
64
32
MIC/2
<2 (>32)
2 (4)
32 (2)
32 (2)
32 (2)
32 (2)
32 (1)
16 (4)
32 (2)
2 (16)
90.00
MIC/4
32 (2)
4 (2)
64 (1)
32 (2)
32 (2)
32 (2)
32 (1)
32 (2)
32 (2)
4 (8)
80.00
KAN
0
32
4
16
32
64
64
16
32
16
64
MIC/2
8 (4)
2 (2)
2 (8)
16 (2)
64 (1)
64 (1)
2 (8)
4 (8)
8 (2)
32 (2)
80.00
MIC/4
16 (2)
4 (1)
2 (8)
32 (1)
64 (1)
64 (1)
4 (4)
16 (2)
16 (1)
32 (2)
50.00
STP
0
128
256
256
64
64
256
256
16
256
64
MIC/2
2 (64)
2 (128)
8 (32)
64 (1)
32 (2)
64 (4)
256 (1)
16 (1)
256 (1)
16 (4)
60.00
MIC/4
64 (2)
128 (2)
64 (2)
64 (1)
32 (2)
128 (2)
256 (1)
16 (1)
256 (1)
32 (2)
60.00
CIP
0
8
1
1
1
8
4
16
2
2
16
MIC/2
8 (1)
<0.5 (>2)
1 (1)
1 (1)
8 (1)
2 (2)
2 (8)
2 (1)
1 (2)
4 (4)
50.00
MIC/4
8 (1)
<0.5 (>2)
4 (1)
1 (1)
8 (1)
2 (2)
8 (2)
2 (1)
2 (1)
8 (2)
40.00
TET
0
8
<0,5
64
32
16
32
4
32
16
16
MIC/2
<0.5 (>16)
<0,5 (na)
16 (4)
8 (4)
2 (8)
16 (2)
1 (4)
32 (1)
2 (8)
1 (16)
80.00
MIC/4
4 (2)
<0,5 (na)
16 (4)
16 (2)
2 (8)
16 (2)
1 (4)
32 (1)
2 (8)
1 (16)
80.00
ERY
0
64
8
16
64
64
32
16
32
16
32
MIC/2
16 (4)
2 (4)
4 (4)
32 (2)
32 (2)
32 (1)
8 (2)
16 (2)
8 (2)
8 (4)
90.00
MIC/4
16 (4)
2 (4)
16 (1)
32 (2)
64 (1)
32 (1)
8 (2)
32 (1)
8 (2)
32 (1)
50.00
TET: tetracycline, KAN: kanamycin, ERY: erythromycin, CHL: chloramphenicol, CIP: ciprofloxacin, AMP: ampicillin, STR: streptomycin, CEF: cefepime; (-): MIC not detected at up to 256 μg/mL; (): modulating factor; na: not applicable; MIC: minimum inhibitory concentration; percentage of antibiotic’s modulating effect by the plant extracts; values in bold represent modulating factor ≥ 2 and modulating effect observed on more than 70% of the tested MDR bacteria.
