Effect of Osteopathic Visceral Manipulation on Pain, Cervical Range of Motion, and Upper Trapezius Muscle Activity in Patients with Chronic Nonspecific Neck Pain and Functional Dyspepsia: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Pilot Study
Table 2
Mean and standard deviation (SD) and interactions (ANOVA) of the values of cervical ROM and pain, obtained pretreatment (T1), immediately posttreatment (T2), and 7 days after treatment (T3).
Osteopathic Visceral Manipulation Group (Mean±SD)
Placebo Manipulation Group (mean±SD)
Anova test interations
T1
T2
T3
T1
T2
T3
Treatment
Treatment vs groups
p value
Effect size
p value
Effect size
Cervical ROM (°)
Extension
50.11±18.10
59.59±19.67
56.16±18.31
57.05±11.32
57.28±7.25
57.85±8.08
0.03
0.12
0.06
0.10
Flexion
56.69±9.85
57.19±10.33
60.66±7.61
57.88±15.99
59.71±12.12
60.45±13.91
0.07
0.09
0.63
0.01
Right Side Bending
41.45±9.50
47.04±10.14
44.28±7.29
43.31±8.01
47.00±8.58
47.33±8.27
0.01
0.15
0.62
0.01
Left Side Bending
43.26±12.02
46.40±10.35
48.40±10.10
46.49±11.21
48.64±11.47
47.73±8.20
0.04
0.11
0.33
0.04
Right Rotation
63.85±10.79
62.97±10.91
61.33±11.07
59.09±15.17
56.80±14.60
60.14±14.63
0.71
0.01
0.34
0.04
Left Rotation
65.66±15.58
64.33±9.55
64.33±14.6359
59.61±15.62
61.16±11.33
61.00±13.66
0.99
<0.001
0.76
0.01
Pain Analysis
NPRS
5.85±1.48
4.39±1.86†
3.21±2.08
5.82±1.57
4.50±1.96
4.71±1.72
<0.001
0.58
0.004
0.21
Area ‡
6.11±0.90
5.50±1.02†
4.43±2.11
5.54±0.85
5.00±0.77
5.05±0.83
<0.001
0.35
0.008
0.17
‡ Log-transformed values (arbitrary units). Significantly different from T1 (p < 0.001). † Significantly different from T3 (p < 0.001).
