Review Article
Brazilian Amazon Traditional Medicine and the Treatment of Difficult to Heal Leishmaniasis Wounds with Copaifera
Figure 1
Sesquiterpenes found in copaiba oils. (A) Alloaromadendrene; (B) ar-curcumene; (C) -bergamotene; (D) -bergamotene; (E) bicyclogermacrene; (F) -bisabolene [R1 = H, R2 and R3 = CH2]; (G) -bisabolol [R1 = OH, R2 = CH3, R3 = H]; (H) cadalene; (I) cadinene; (J) -cadinene [R1 = CH3; R2 = not; C7 = C8; A = 4- CH3-hexcycl-3-ene]; (K) -cadinene [R1 and R2 = CH2; C7 = C8; A = 4- CH3-hexcycl-3-ene]; (L) -cadinene [R1 = CH3; R2 = not; C1 = C7; A- CH3 -hexcycl- 3-ene]; (M) -cadinol [R1 = H; R2 = OH; A = 4- CH3 -hexcycl-3-ene]; (N) calamenene [R1 = H; R2 = CH3; A = benzene]; (O) caryophyllene [R1 = CH3, R2 = CH3, cis]; (P) β-caryophyllene [R1 = CH3; R2 = CH3, trans]; (Q) -caryophyllenol; (R) cedrol [R1 = H; R2 = CH3; R3 = OH; R4 = CH3; C1, C4 = CH2]; (S) -cedrene [R1 = CH3; R2 = CH3; R3 = not; R4 = CH3; C1, C4 = CH2; C5 = C6]; (T) cyperene [R1 = H; R2 = CH3; R3 = H; R4 = C2, C6CH2(CH3)2]; (U) copaene; (V) -copaene; (X) -copaene; (W) -elemene; (Y) β-farnesene; (Z) trans--farnesene; (A2) germacrene B [R1 = CH3; R2 = C(CH3)2; C6 = C7; C2 = C10]; (B2) germacrene D [R1 = CH2; C4 = C5; C9 = C10]; (C2) -guaiene [R1 = C(CH2)CH3]; (D2) -guaiene [R1 = (CH3)2]; (E2) -guaiene [R1 = CH(CH3)2; C6 = C7]; (F2) humulene; (G2) α-humulene; (H2) β-humulene; (I2) ledol; (J2) longicyclene; (K2) longifolene; (L2) Longipinene; (M2) -multijugenol [R1 = H; R2 = OH; A = 4-CH3 - hexcycl-3-ene]; (N2) t-muurolol; (O2) a-muurolene [R1 = CH3; R2 = not; C7 = C8; A = 4-Me-hexcycl-3-ene]; P2: -muurolene [R1 + R2 = CH2; A = 4- CH3-hexcycl-3-ene]; Q2: caryophyllene oxide; (R2) α-selinene [R1 = H; R2 = CH3 cis]; (S2) -selinene [R1 = H; R2 = CH3 trans]; (T2) -sesquiphellandrene; (U2) viridiflorol; (V2) -vetivenene; (X2) -ylangene.