Long-Term Effects of TCM Yangqing Kangxian Formula on Bleomycin-Induced Pulmonary Fibrosis in Rats via Regulating Nuclear Factor-κB Signaling

Figure 5

The expression of TNF-α protein and mRNA in bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis rats treated with Yangqing Kangxian formula, prednisone, or pirfenidone. (a) Immunohistochemical stain of TNF-α protein, magnification 400x, scale bar: 50 μm; (b) TNF-α protein; (c) TNF-α mRNA. BLM: bleomycin; YKF: Yangqing Kangxian formula; PD: prednisone; PF: pirfenidone. Values represented as mean ± SEM. and , versus BLM group. and , versus BLM + YKF group, and , versus BLM + PD group, and and , versus BLM + PF group. The red arrows point to the positive expression area.

(a)

(b)

(c)