Research Article
The Effects of Four-Week Multivitamin Supplementation on Mood in Healthy Older Women: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Table 3
Means and standard deviations for the mood assessments at baseline and 4 weeks after treatment.
| Measure | Group | | Baseline | Midpoint | Posttreatment | | M | SD | M | SD | M | SD |
| General Health Questionnaire | | | | | | | | | Total | Multivitamin | 35 | 15.06 | 6.65 | 14.31 | 5.86 | 14.47 | 5.48 | Placebo | 33 | 15.24 | 6.74 | 13.00 | 6.01 | 12.79 | 5.84 | Somatic | Multivitamin | 35 | 3.60 | 2.76 | 4.03 | 3.22 | 4.29 | 3.04 | Placebo | 33 | 4.33 | 3.01 | 3.64 | 3.20 | 3.21 | 2.38 | Anxiety | Multivitamin | 35 | 3.57 | 2.76 | 3.42 | 2.52 | 3.20 | 2.58 | Placebo | 33 | 3.48 | 2.58 | 2.97 | 2.56 | 3.00 | 2.52 | Social dysfunction | Multivitamin | 35 | 6.83 | 1.67 | 6.23 | 1.68 | 6.51 | 1.40 | Placebo | 33 | 6.82 | 1.89 | 5.89 | 1.58 | 6.12 | 1.52 | Depression | Multivitamin | 35 | 1.06 | 2.09 | 0.63 | 1.33 | 0.46 | 1.12 | Placebo | 33 | 0.61 | 1.52 | 0.52 | 1.56 | 0.45 | 1.50 | Chalder Fatigue Scale | | | | | | | | | Total | Multivitamin | 37 | 16.00 | 4.33 | | | 13.35 | 3.22 | Placebo | 36 | 14.47 | 3.75 | | | 13.03 | 3.20 | Physical | Multivitamin | 37 | 8.83 | 2.63 | | | 7.47 | 1.66 | Placebo | 36 | 8.11 | 2.61 | | | 7.31 | 2.19 | Mental | Multivitamin | 37 | 7.05 | 2.17 | | | 5.62 | 1.40 | Placebo | 36 | 6.36 | 1.53 | | | 5.72 | 1.39 | Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale | | | | | | | | | Anxiety | Multivitamin | 37 | 4.46 | 2.30 | | | 3.81 | 2.08 | Placebo | 36 | 4.33 | 2.69 | | | 4.03 | 3.15 | Depression | Multivitamin | 37 | 2.16 | 2.10 | | | 1.35 | 1.57 | Placebo | 36 | 2.23 | 1.75 | | | 1.42 | 2.00 | Perceived Stress Scale | | | | | | | | | | Multivitamin | 37 | 19.05 | 3.21 | | | 18.70 | 1.90 | | Placebo | 35 | 18.40 | 2.08 | | | 17.74 | 2.00 | State-Trait Anxiety Inventory | | | | | | | | | State version | Multivitamin | 37 | 32.81 | 10.27 | | | 28.32 | 6.85 | Placebo | 35 | 30.54 | 9.09 | | | 27.06 | 9.05 | Visual Analogue Scales | | | | | | | | | Alertness | Multivitamin | 37 | 68.52 | 17.51 | | | 72.89 | 16.52 | Placebo | 35 | 70.83 | 16.19 | | | 75.62 | 17.96 | Contentedness | Multivitamin | 37 | 77.57 | 16.88 | | | 81.55 | 13.89 | Placebo | 35 | 81.47 | 16.32 | | | 83.45 | 16.58 | Calmness | Multivitamin | 37 | 66.43 | 21.74 | | | 74.09 | 16.66 | Placebo | 35 | 74.26 | 18.92 | | | 77.20 | 19.52 | Stress | Multivitamin | 37 | 21.76 | 21.61 | | | 12.38 | 13.63 | Placebo | 35 | 14.77 | 17.81 | | | 14.09 | 17.15 | Concentration | Multivitamin | 37 | 65.95 | 28.81 | | | 72.62 | 20.40 | Placebo | 35 | 61.83 | 26.65 | | | 66.89 | 29.76 | Anxiety | Multivitamin | 37 | 16.24 | 19.15 | | | 12.97 | 15.86 | Placebo | 35 | 14.60 | 19.24 | | | 10.69 | 14.27 | Mental fatigue | Multivitamin | 37 | 23.24 | 24.14 | | | 18.22 | 20.91 | Placebo | 35 | 23.77 | 21.98 | | | 19.17 | 19.24 | Physical fatigue | Multivitamin | 37 | 21.19 | 23.19 | | | 20.05 | 23.03 | Placebo | 35 | 17.74 | 18.89 | | | 19.09 | 20.74 |
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= represents participants included in the pretreatment to posttreatment analysis.
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