An Aqueous Extract of Radix Astragali, Angelica sinensis, and Panax notoginseng Is Effective in Preventing Diabetic Retinopathy

Figure 6

(a, b) Real-time PCR analysis of gene expression of pro-inflammatory markers and (c) ELISA assay detection of NF-κB activation in the retinas from normal Wistar rat (Control), GK rats treated with vehicle (Diabetic), and GK rat treated with RRP (RRP) (𝑛=3). ^∗𝑃<0.05, and ^∗∗∗𝑃<0.001 versus Control group; ^#𝑃<0.05, ^##𝑃<0.01, ^###𝑃<0.001 versus Diabetic group. (d) Real-time PCR analysis of gene expression of pro-inflammatory markers in EA.hy926 cells cultured in DMEM medium with either 5.5 (N), 25 mM glucose (H), or 25 mM glucose before treatment with RRP (dissolved in dimethyl sulfoxide) 1 h ago for 24 h after starving in DMEM containing 5.5 mM glucose for 24 h. ^∗𝑃<0.05 versus N group; ^#𝑃<0.05 versus H group (𝑛=5). All data were expressed as mean ± SD.

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