Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine

Research Article

Neural Encoding of Acupuncture Needling Sensations: Evidence from a fMRI Study

Table 4

Summary of anatomic foci showing brain activity of acupuncture stimulation and positive and negative bold responses associated with the intensity of individual needling sensation ( corrected).
Atlas structure at the center
of maximum difference		 Mean fMRI response to acupuncturePressureHeaviness
 
Straight gyrusL−229−10−4.40−259−1−3.64    
 R511−10−4.65        
Superior frontal gyrus L    −55027−3.19−5−14482.94
 R832485.01        
 R85324−4.19        
Orbital gyri R1144−13−4.973529−7−3.783529−74.52
Orbital sulci R1741−10−3.713229−7−3.453832−44.33
Anterior cingulate cortexL−832−4−3.17−5323−3.08−54133.70
 R832−7−5.018383−3.2984433.84
Subcallosal gyrus L−211−7−3.94−2143−2.77    
 R511−10−4.65        
Middle-anterior cingulate cortexR            
Postcentral gyrus R44−2051−3.40        
Postcentral sulcus L−47−32363.85        
Superior parietal lobule L−11−6551−3.28        
 R20−7439−3.26        
Intraparietal sulcus L    −35−59392.90−38−5639−4.08
 R        29−5342−4.07
Angular gyrus L    −53−5930−3.44    
 R44−7130−3.2544−6533−2.72    
Supramarginal gyrus L−62−32334.14        
 R56−23243.10        
PrecuneusL−8−6248−3.69    −5−59332.81
 R5−6242−3.34        
Ant. insulaL−262662.85        
 R2917−10−3.732917−10−3.342923−73.57
Sup. insula L−2620154.16        
 R3526152.822923122.95    
Superior temporal gyrus R538−13−4.924717−10−3.23    
Superior temporal sulcus R53−17−10−4.9456−2−16−3.8050−2−103.41
Middle temporal gyrus L−62−26−7−3.04−62−413−4.16    
 R562−16−5.1959−2−19−5.2562−17−133.48
Hippocampus L−29−23−7−2.72−23−41−1−3.50    
 R23−11−16−3.3732−35−4−4.4532−35−42.87
Amygdala R26−8−16−3.27        
Parahippocampal gyrusL−11−38−7−4.09−235−19−4.86    
 R232−25−3.98205−22−3.46    
Lingual gyrusL−8−62−1−4.21−5−80−13−3.95    
 R14−47−7−3.6511−50−4−3.32    
Temporal pole R3217−28−5.17235−28−3.74    
Cuneus L−5−8312−3.64        
 R5−8612−2.79        
Thalamus proper L−17−20183.09        
 R            
Corpus callosumL−12−42193.09       
 R            
Cerebellum cortex L−35−68−254.48    −8−53−312.72
 L−11−38−10−3.93−38−56−25−3.01    
 R29−44−433.83        
 R5−41−10−3.4841−68−34−4.36    
Brain stem  5−26−34−3.00　　　　　　　 
Atlas structure at the center
of maximum difference		 FullnessNumbnessTingling
 
Straight gyrusL        −253−7−3.54
 R            
Superior frontal gyrus L−145627−2.88    −20860−3.73
 R    8−2573.69    
 R        174439−2.93
Orbital gyri R2926−10−3.48    3850−1−3.83
Orbital sulci R3229−7−2.99        
Anterior cingulate cortexL            
 R1141−1−4.20        
Subcallosal gyrus L            
 R            
Middle-anterior cingulate cortexR    58303.61    
Postcentral gyrus R        47−2954−3.46
Postcentral sulcus L    −56−23303.10    
Superior parietal lobule L    −23−71362.98    
 R20−68422.6120−68482.9620−6845−3.38
Intraparietal sulcus L    −20−68393.19−44−4739−3.40
 R29−50393.7132−56394.4732−6539−2.79
Angular gyrus L    −29−68362.65−44−5642−3.66
 R56−4427−2.9535−65393.5538−6542−3.37
Supramarginal gyrus L    −62−29363.67−44−4742−2.96
 R50−23183.3156−23303.00    
PrecuneusL        −14−4757−2.69
 R            
Ant. insula L            
 R2923−7−2.91        
Sup. insula L            
 R    3526153.03    
Superior temporal gyrus R            
Superior temporal sulcus R47−2−19−2.6253−14−10−2.8544−7124−2.59
Middle temporal gyrus L        −62−32−4−2.79
 R62−17−16−3.16562−16−4.02    
Hippocampus L    −20−32−7−3.92−17−29−74.69
 R    35−32−7−2.5635−26−72.90
Amygdala R            
Parahippocampal gyrusL    −14−38−7−3.65−14−32−73.87
 R            
Lingual gyrusL    −11−86−72.50    
 R           
Temporal pole R            
Cuneus L    −5−86122.79    
 R            
Thalamus proper L    −20−32−4−3.90−8−3265.48
 R        11−29153.56
Corpus callosumL        −17−35245.17
 R        8−35184.70
Cerebellum cortex L−2−44−192.50−47−56−283.55−38−71−313.89
 L    −14−38−13−2.75    
 R2−44−193.12    44−41−404.00
 R    35−56−403.14    
Brain stem 　　　　　8−29−344.02−14−23−73.76
is the value taken from the voxel with maximal signal change.
“−” means negative bold responses.
Ant. insula: anterior segment of the circular sulcus of the insula.
Sup. insula: superior segment of the circular sulcus of the insula.