Effects of Thymol and Carvacrol, Constituents of Thymus vulgaris L. Essential Oil, on the Inflammatory Response

Table 2

Effect of Thymus vulgaris essential oil (TEO) treatment on exudate volume and leukocytes number 4 hours after carrageenan injection (200 μg/pleural cavity) in rats.

Group	Exudate volume (mL)	Inhibition (%)		(cells/mm^3) × 10^3
			Total leukocytes	MN	PMN
Normal	0.16±0.01		6700±450	1800±160	4900±390
Control	0.76±0.03^b		55650±1860^b	8831±644^b	46819±1399^b
Indomethacin (5 mg/kg)	0.33±0.02^a,b	56.7	60250±7600^b	10162±1137^b	50088±6989^b
Celecoxib (10 mg/kg)	0.43±0.03^a,b	43.3	42350±3536^b	6972±1047^b	35378±3774^b
TEO
250 mg/kg	0.62±0.02^a,b	18.4	52696±2558^b	10786±1156^b	41910±2646^b
500 mg/kg	0.61±0.03^a,b	19.7	54729±3090^b	7457±924.9^b	47272±2354^b
750 mg/kg	0.53±0.04^a,b	30.2	41417±2125^a,b	5873±415.7^b	35543±1801^a,b

Data are mean ± SEM of 8–10 animals/group. Indomethacin and celecoxib administered orally were used as reference anti-inflammatory drugs (positive controls). Normal: animals that received injection of saline in the cavity (normal group), Control: animals that received injection of carrageenan in the cavity (negative control). MN: mononuclears cells. PMN: polimorphonuclears cells. ^a𝑃<0.05 compared to control group; ^b𝑃<0.05 compared to normal group (ANOVA, Tukey’s test).