Randomised, Double Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial of Echinacea Supplementation in Air Travellers
Table 3
Comparison of demographics and outcome measures of trial groups at baseline (before travel).
Variable
Total ()
Echinacea ()
Placebo ()
valuea
Age in years-mean (SD)
43 (14)
44 (13)
42 (14)
0.21
Females (%)
113 (67)
62 (55)
51 (45)
0.10
Weight in kg (SD)
75.6 (17.8)
75.0 (16.8)
76.0 (19.2)
0.48
BMI (SD)
26.0 (5.3)
25.8 (5.0)
26.3 (5.6)
0.55
Diastolic blood pressure (SD)
86.7 (8.4)
85.8 (8.7)
88.1 (7.9)
0.10
Systolic blood pressure (SD)
110.6 (11.8)
111.1 (11.9)
109.7 (13.5)
0.48
Duration of travel in days (SD)
23 (8)
23 (8)
22 (8)
0.45
bRDS + (%)
39 (23)
17 (20)
22 (26)
0.38
cMedian WURSS-44 score
7
5
8
0.17
Cold sore (%)
63 (37)
31 (36)
32 (38)
0.87
Sleep difficulties (%)
40 (24)
21 (25)
19 (22)
0.72
Headache sufferer (%)
66 (39)
32 (38)
34 (40)
0.85
aAll values are two-tailed comparing Echinacea to placebo. Values are either means with standard deviations (SD) or frequencies with percentages (%). bRDS+ indicates a Respiratory Disease Symptoms score > 17. cMedian WURSS-44 score refers to the median Wisconsin Upper Respiratory Symptom score.
