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| Study | Sample | Cohort followup | Predictor | Outcome | Results | Newcastle-Otawa grade | Jadad score |
|
| Wattanakit et al. [95] | 12,965 middle-aged adults | 9.7 years | Anger proneness | Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) | Positive association between anger proneness and incident PAD | 8 | — |
|
| Williams et al. [79] | 12 986 adults | 53 months | trait anger | Coronary heart disease (CHD) | High trait anger, compared with their low anger counterparts, were at increased risk of CHD | 8 | — |
|
| Xu and Roberts [83] | 6856 adults | 28 years | Positive Feelings | Mortality | Subjective well-being, positive feelings, life satisfaction significantly predicted lowered risks of all-cause and natural-cause mortality | 8 | — |
|
| Danner et al. [86] | 180 Catholic nuns | 53 to 73 years | Positive emotional content in early-life autobiographies | Mortality | Positive emotional content in early-life autobiographies was strongly associated with longevity 6 decades later | 7 | — |
|
| Davidson et al. [87] | 1739 adults | 10 years | positive affect | Cardiovascular events | Increased positive affect was protective against 10-year incident CHD | 8 | — |
|
| Versteeg et al. [93] | 562 PCI patients | 1 year | negative and positive affect | Health status after PCI | Baseline negative and positive affect contributes independently to patient-reported health status 12 months post-PCI | 7 | — |
|
| Park-Lee et al. [89] | 337 caregiver and 617 noncaregiver | 2 years | High and low positive affect | Frailty | Frailty risk was lower in respondents with high positive affect than in those with low positive affect in the total sample | 7 | — |
|
| Moskowitz et al. [84] | 715 diabetes patients and 2673 controls | | Positive affect | Mortality | Positive affect was significantly associated with lower risk of all-cause mortality in people with diabetes, but not in control group | 7 | — |
|
| Denollet et al. [88] | 874 PCI patients | 2 years | Positive affect | Death or myocardial infarction post-PCI | Reduced positive affect independently predicted death/MI following stent implantation | 8 | — |
|
| Fredman et al. [92] | 432 elderly hospitalized for hip fracture | 2 years | High and low positive affect | Performance-based functioning after hip fracture | High positive affect seems to have a beneficial influence on performance-based functioning after hip fracture | 8 | — |
|
| Ostir et al. [90] | 1558 initially nonfrail older | 7 years | Positive affect | Onset of frailty | positive affect is protective against the functional and physical decline associated with frailty | 8 | — |
|
| Fisher et al. [91] | 1084 noninstitutionalized elderly with arthritis | 2 years | positive and negative affect | Functional ability | High positive affect was associated with lower incidence of ADL disability in older Mexican Americans with self-reported physician-diagnosed arthritis | 7 | — |
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| Moskowitz [85] | 407 men who were HIV+ | 2 years | Positive affect | AIDS mortality | Positive affect was significantly associated with lower risk of AIDS mortality | 7 | — |
|
| Skodol et al. [94] | 520 patients with personality disorders | 4 years | Positive childhood experiences | Remission from personality disorders | Positive childhood experiences were significantly associated with remission from avoidant and schizotypal personality disorders | 7 | — |
|
| Yi et al. [96] | 111 patients with diabetes | 1 year | Resilience | HbA(1c) and self-care behaviours | Those with low or moderate resilience levels showed a strong association between rising distress and worsening HbA (1c) across time | 7 | — |
|
| Walter-Ginzburg et al. [97] | 960 Israeli Jews aged 75–94 | ± 3 years | Resilience | Mortality | Resilience predicted less mortality | 8 | — |
|
| Poulin and Cohen Silver [104] | 2138 adults | 2 years | Benevolence (Goodness of the World) | Well-being | Benevolence beliefs were positively associated with well-being and that these associations were stronger with increasing age | 7 | — |
|
| Buchanan and Bardi [100] | 86 participants | 10 days | Kind acts | Satisfaction with life | Kind acts, performed daily over as little as 10 days, increased life satisfaction | 7 | — |
|
| Otake et al. [101] | 119 participants | 1 week | Counting Kindness | Happiness | People counting kindnesses increased people's subjective happiness | 7 | — |
|
| Carson et al. [103] | 43 patients with chronic low back pain | 8 weeks | Loving-kindness meditation | Pain, anger and psychological distress | Loving-kindness program reduced pain, anger, and psychological distress in patients with persistent low back pain | — | 4 |
|
| Hutcherson et al. [102] | 93 participants | 15 minutes | Loving-kindness meditation | Social connectedness | Loving-kindness meditation increased feelings of social connection and positivity toward novel individuals | | 4 |
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