Leaf Extracts of Calocedrus formosana (Florin) Induce G2/M Cell Cycle Arrest and Apoptosis in Human Bladder Cancer Cells

Table 2

Flow cytometry analysis in TCCSUP cells treated with Florin extracts.

Time (h)	Percentage (mean ± S.D.) of TCCSUP bladder cancer cells at each cell cycle phase after treatment with Florin extract (25 μg/mL) at different time points
	subG1 (%)	G1 (%)	S (%)	G2M (%)
0	0.5 ± 0.1	55.9 ± 3.9	18.2 ± 2.8	25.4 ± 1.9
6	0.6 ± 0.4	24.3 ± 1.6	15.1 ± 3.3	59.6 ± 2.1**
12	0.7 ± 0.1	2.9 ± 0.5	14.1 ± 0.5	82.3 ± 0.1***
24	1.7 ± 0.7	1.7 ± 0.6	2.0 ± 0.2	94.6 ± 0.1***
36	4.7 ± 2.0	3.0 ± 1.7	4.2 ± 1.6	88.1 ± 1.5***
48	15.4 ± 2.3	3.4 ± 0.5	5.6 ± 0.4	75.6 ± 3.3***

^aTCCSUP cell growth was arrested at the G2/M phase after Florin-extracts treatment in a time-dependent manner, and these cells were significantly different from those at baseline (0).
^bThere was a significant difference between these cells and those in the control group (**𝑃<.01, ***𝑃<.001).