Research Article
Interleukin-15 and Tumor Necrosis Factor-α in Iraqi Patients with Alopecia Areata
Table 3
Mean IL-15 and TNF-α levels according to case group characteristics.
| Variables | IL-15 (pg/mL) mean ± SD | value | TNF-α (pg/mL) mean ± SD | value |
| Age (years) | <20 | 0.94 ± 0.6 | 0.069 | 68.47 ± 83.4 | 0.202 | 20–39 | 2.19 ± 2.5 | | 36.18 ± 21.5 | | ≥40 | 7.9 ± 16.3 | | 25.8 ± 6.5 | | Gender | Male | 1.68 ± 2.4 | 0.507 | 39.07 ± 22.5 | 0.277 | Female | 2.95 ± 8.0 | | 60.04 ± 80.7 | | Duration of disease (months) | <6 | 1.9 ± 2.5 | 0.326 | 38.64 ± 25.5 | 0.568 | 6–12 | 1.03 ± 0.78 | | 51.56 ± 32.7 | | >12 | 4.75 ± 11.4 | | 65.43 ± 110.7 | | Family history | Positive | 0.75 ± 0.39 | 0.111 | 48.91 ± 18.1 | 0.914 | Negative | 2.78 ± 6.73 | | 50.43 ± 68.1 | | Previous history | Positive | 1.7 ± 2.9 | 0.577 | 44.21 ± 28.2 | 0.607 | Negative | 2.61 ± 6.9 | | 52.51 ± 70.2 | | Other body area involvement | Yes | 0.66 ± 0.05 | 0.093 | 29.9 ± 5.4 | 0.056 | No | 2.49 ± 6.3 | | 51.84 ± 63.7 | | Exclamation mark | Yes | 1.65 ± 2.1 | 0.478 | 60.31 ± 73.9 | 0.092 | No | 3.55 ± 9.6 | | 32.62 ± 18.5 | | Pull test | Positive | 1.57 ± 2.0 | 0.432 | 56.54 ± 70.3 | 0.145 | Negative | 4.27 ± 10.9 | | 34.33 ± 20.7 | | Nail change | Yes | 0.65 ± 0.11 | 0.091 | 48.51 ± 27.6 | 0.894 | No | 2.87 ± 6.8 | | 50.61 ± 68.3 | | Types of alopecia areata | Multilocularis | 1.68 ± 2.1 | 0.458 | 47.7 ± 30.7 | 0.021 | Unilocularis | 5.4 ± 12.8 | | 27.57 ± 11.0 | | Universalis | 1.3 ± 1.0 | | 32.23 ± 8.2 | | Totalis | 1.6 ± 0 | | 147.3 ± 200.6 | |
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