Research Article
Data-Driven Recovery Potential Analysis and Modeling for Batteries Recovery Operations in Electric Bicycle Industry
Table 16
Recovery quantity of lead-acid batteries used in electric bicycles as power batteries in 2000-2022 (Stanford Model).
| | Year | Annual waste quantity and recovery quantity of lead-acid batteries used in electric bicycles | | Waste quantity (10,000 KVAH) | Lead (t) | Pure sulfuric acid (t) | Plastic (t) | Antimony, arsenic, tin (t) | Rubber (t) | Copper (t) |
| | 2000 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | | 2001 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | | 2002 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | | 2003 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | | 2004 | 378.3 | 101.6 | 15.9 | 16.8 | 3.5 | 0.4918 | 0.4540 | | 2005 | 803.6 | 215.8 | 33.8 | 35.6 | 7.4 | 1.04 | 0.9644 | | 2006 | 1494.1 | 401.2 | 62.8 | 66.2 | 13.7 | 1.9 | 1.8 | | 2007 | 2347.7 | 630.3 | 98.6 | 104.0 | 21.6 | 3.1 | 2.8 | | 2008 | 3295.5 | 884.8 | 138.4 | 146.0 | 30.3 | 4.3 | 4.0 | | 2009 | 4309.1 | 1157.0 | 181.0 | 190.9 | 39.6 | 5.6 | 5.2 | | 2010 | 5264.3 | 1413.5 | 221.1 | 233.2 | 48.4 | 6.8 | 6.3 | | 2011 | 6476.5 | 1738.9 | 272.0 | 286.9 | 59.6 | 8.4 | 7.8 | | 2012 | 7961.1 | 2137.6 | 334.4 | 352.7 | 73.2 | 10.3 | 9.6 | | 2013 | 8726.7 | 2343.1 | 366.5 | 386.6 | 80.3 | 11.3 | 10.5 | | 2014 | 9636.2 | 2587.3 | 404.7 | 426.9 | 88.7 | 12.5 | 11.6 | | 2015 | 11832.3 | 3177.0 | 497.0 | 524.2 | 108.9 | 15.4 | 14.2 | | 2016 | 12930.5 | 3471.8 | 543.1 | 572.8 | 119.0 | 16.8 | 15.5 | | 2017 | 11504.0 | 3088.8 | 483.2 | 509.6 | 105.8 | 15.0 | 13.8 | | 2018 | 9762.7 | 2621.3 | 410.0 | 432.5 | 89.8 | 12.7 | 11.7 | | 2019 | 8909.4 | 2392.2 | 374.2 | 394.7 | 82.0 | 11.6 | 10.7 | | 2020 | 7897.5 | 2120.5 | 331.7 | 349.9 | 72.7 | 10.3 | 9.5 | | 2021 | 6860.2 | 1842.0 | 288.1 | 303.9 | 63.1 | 8.9 | 8.2 | | 2022 | 6197.7 | 1664.1 | 260.3 | 274.6 | 57.0 | 8.1 | 7.4 |
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