Simulation of the Radiation Reaction Orbits of a Classical Relativistic Charged Particle with Generalized Off-Shell Lorentz Force

Figure 12

(a) The orbit without an external field. Initial conditions: 𝑥̇⁰=3.2, 𝑥̇¹=0.4, 𝑥̇²=0.2, 𝑥̇³=0.00049, 𝑥̈⁰=2.83, 𝑥̈¹=0.3, 𝑥̈²=0.1, 𝑥̈³=−0.0011, 𝑀/𝛼=10⁵  GeV², and 𝜇=10⁻⁵  GeV^-1. (b) and (c) The external perturbation added. The edges of the cycling polygonal orbit (b) form an oval frame, which can be seen as the lines connecting the coordinates are removed (c). Time step: 10^-9 GeV^-1. (d) The propagation of the perturbate attractor after many time iterations is in the path of the pure self-interaction attractor of (a).

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)