Endovascular Occlusion of a Renal Arteriovenous Fistula with Renal Vein Aneurysm Formation for Rupture Prevention

Figure 2

Echocardiography before (a), 2-days (b), and 3-months (c) after occlusion of the proximal high-flow renal arteriovenous fistula (RAVF) by Amplatzer Vascular Plug (AVP) Device II placement into the left renal artery (LRA). (a) 4-Chamber view with Doppler ultrasound found a functional (secondary) tricuspid regurgitation (Grade I). Recognize the enlargement of the right atrium due to increased volume load. (b and c) 4-Chamber view with Doppler ultrasound found no tricuspid regurgitation 2-days and 3 months after RAVF occlusion. Also recognize normalization of the right atrium dimensions due to reduced volume load.

(a)

(b)

(c)