Ureteral Diaphragmatic Hernia Treated with Ureteral Stenting: A Case Report and Review of the Literature

Table 1

Review of ureteral diaphragmatic hernia reported in the literature in English.

No.	Author	Year	Age/gender	Laterality	Presentation	Hernia orifice	Treatment
1	Swithinbank	1958	60/F	R	Right flank pain	BF	Surgical repair
2	Paterson	1989	75/M	R	Right flank pain	BF	Surgical repair
3	Chawla	1994	56/M	R	Workup for left flank pain	BF	NA
4	Catalano	1998	63/F	R	Workup for renal stones	Retrocrural	Surgical repair
5	Sukumar	2010	75/F	R	Workup for azotemia	BF	Conservative
6	Balakrishnan	2011	83/F	R	Right flank pain	BF	Ureteral stenting
7	Song	2011	75/M	R	Right flank pain	BF	Ureteral stenting
8	Osman	2012	65/M	R	Right flank pain	BF	Conservative
9	Hatzidakis	2014	86/F	R	Septic obstructive pyelonephritis	BF	PNS→ureteral stenting
10	Almeida	2015	82/F	R	Workup for lung nodule	Retrocrural	NA
11	Dru	2016	94/F	R	Right flank pain	BF	Ureteral stenting
12	Lin	2017	81/F	R	Right flank pain	BF	Ureteral stenting→surgical repair
13	Beland	2019	84/F	R	Workup for ureteral stone	DP	Ureteral stenting
14	Heidar	2019	71/M	R	Workup for vomiting	DP	Conservative
15	Current case	2021	85/F	R	Right flank pain, fever	DC	Ureteral stenting

BF: Bochdalek foramen; DP: diaphragm; DC: diaphragmatic crus; NA: not available.