Alveolar Hemorrhage, a Rare and Life-Threatening Complication of Catastrophic Antiphospholipid Syndrome

Table 4

Comparison of characteristics of patients with alveolar hemorrhage.

Prothrombin	ACA IgM/IgG	Anti-β2GPI	Heparin	Treatment	Evolution	Bronchoalveolar lavage	Bronchoscopy
Normal	IgM negative IgG 120 GPL/ml	Negative	Enoxaparin	Prednisone 60 mg PO QD mycophenolate	Dyspnea of medium efforts	Macrophages loaded with hemosiderin	Not ordered
Normal	IgM negative IgG 100 GPL/ml	Negative	Enoxaparin	Methylprednisolone 1 gr IV QD	Died	Not ordered	Not ordered
Normal	IgM negative IgG 155 GPL- U/ml	No ordered	Enoxaparin	Methylprednisolone, immunoglobulins	Clinical improvement	Not ordered	Not ordered
Normal	Not reported	Positive	Not initiated	Methylprednisolone 1 g QD; fresh frozen plasma three units	Clinical improvement	Bloody	Friable mucosa with macroscopic blood
Not reported	Positive (unreported values)	Negative	Discontinued due to surgery	Anticoagulants, steroids, and plasmapheresis	Infarction in a left pulmonary lobe	Bloody	Diffuse submucosal bleeding
Normal	Not reported	Negative	Not reported	Methylprednisolone 1 g QD; prednisone 25 mg QD	Dyspnea recurrence and hemoptysis	Bloody	Not reported
Not reported	Positive	Positive	Discounted due to bleeding	Methylprednisolone 1 g QD; rituximab 375 mg/m^2	Clinical improvement	Not reported	Massive alveolar hemorrhage
Not reported	Positive	Positive	Not reported	High doses of corticosteroids, cyclophosphamide	Image improvement	Macrophages loaded with hemosiderin	Not reported
Not reported	Negative	Positive	Not reported	Oral methylprednisolone, aspirin	Hemoptysis and dyspnea recurrence	Bloody	Bloody