Hereditary Hemorrhagic Telangiectasia in a Sudanese Patient

Table 1

The Curacao diagnostic criteria for HHT.

Criteria	Characteristic
(1) Epistaxis	Recurrent and spontaneous nosebleeds (epistaxis), which may be mild to severe
(2) Telangiectases	Telangiectases are small red spots that disappear when pushed on, and they are found at characteristic sites (lips, oral cavity, fingers, and nose)
(3) Visceral lesions	For example, gastrointestinal telangiectasia (with or without bleeding), pulmonary arteriovenous malformations (AVM), hepatic AVM, cerebral AVM, and spinal AVM
(4) Family history	That is, first-degree relative such as brother, sister, parent, or child who meets these same criteria for definite HHT or has been genetically diagnosed.

If they meet 3 or more of the criteria, they are said to have a definite HHT. If patients meet 2, then they are said to have a possible diagnosis of HHT, and “unlikely” if 0 or 1 criterion is present.