Feasibility and Safety of Sodium Glucose Cotransporter-2 Inhibitors in Adults with Heart Failure after the Fontan Procedure

Table 1

Summary of baseline characteristics in five patients after Fontan procedure who were treated with a SGLT-2 inhibitor.

Case

Sex

Age

Primary diagnosis

Prior procedures

Age at Fontan (years); Type of Fontan

Comorbidities

BMI (kg/m^2)

CI (L.min^-1.m^-2)

CVP (mmHg)

EF (%)

Valve regurg.

Peak VO2 (%)

Times of unexpected hospitalization and reasons

1

Male

45

AVSD, MGA, PA, IVCD, left isomerism

AP shunt, TCPS, PMI

22; ECC

Heart failure; PAf; Chylothorax/ascites; FALD

21.0

4.87; High CI

20

53

Mod AR; Mod AVVR

—

19 (0.82/year); Heart failure; PAf

2

Male

36

AVSD, MGA, PS, right isomerism

AP shunt

13; ECC

Heart failure; Hypertension; Obesity; Diabetes; CKD; CNS hemorrhage

31.3

2.55; Low CI

11

53

Mild AVVR

58

10 (0.45/year); Heart failure; Thrombosis; Infection

3

Male

35

DORV, hypoplastic LV

PAB, BCPS

11; ECC

Heart failure; Obesity; DM; CKD; FALD

37.9

5.02; High CI

18

54

Mild AVVR

52

2 (0.08/year); Heart failure

4

Male

21

HLHS

Norwood, BCPS

1; ECC

Heart failure; PLE; PB

16.5

5.09; High CI

11

53

Mod AVVR

—

29 (1.52/year); Heart failure; PLE/PB

5

Male

24

AVSD, MGA, PA, right isomerism

AP shunt, BCPS

2; ECC

DM; CKD

24.0

2.32; Low CI

12

41

Mod AVVR

71

1 (0.04/year); Heart failure

Times of admission means unexpected admission due to not scheduled examination or treatment but cardiovascular symptoms. AP shunt: aortopulmonary shunt; AVSD: atrioventricular septal defect; BMI: body mass index; CI: cardiac index; CKD: chronic kidney disease; CNS: central nervous system; CVP: central venous pressure; DM: diabetes mellitus; DORV: double outlet right ventricle; ECC: extracardiac conduit; EF: ejection fraction; FALD: Fontan-associated liver disease; HLHS: hypoplastic left ventricle; IVCD: inferior vena cava defect; LV: left ventricle; MGA: malposition of the great arteries; PA: pulmonary atresia; PAB: pulmonary arterial banding; PAf: paroxysmal atrial fibrillation; PB: plastic bronchitis; PLE: protein-losing enteropathy; PMI: pacemaker implantation; PS: pulmonary stenosis; TCPS: total cavopulmonary shunt; Valve regurg.: valve regurgitation.