Research Article

Urban Economic Structures as Multidimensional Networks: A Complex Systems Framework for Analyzing Economic Development Trajectories

Table 3

Economic communities (5) detected in network 1 (N = 68), see Figure 5 for visualization.

Community 1: STEAM

Occupations
(i) Management
(ii) Business and financial operations
(iii) Computer and mathematical
(iv) Arts, design, entertainment, sports, and media
Industries
(i) Professional and technical services
Degrees
(i) Computers, mathematics, and statistical
(ii) Physical and related science
(iii) Social science
(iv) Engineering
(v) Literature and language
(vi) Visual and performing arts
(vii) Communications
Technologies
(i) Physics
(ii) Electricity

Community 2: manufacturing

Occupations
(i) Installation, maintenance, and repair
(ii) Production
(iii) Transportation and material moving
Industries
(i) Manufacturing
Degrees
(i) N/A (less than bachelor’s degree)
Technologies
(i) Performing operations; transporting
(ii) Textiles; paper
(iii) Fixed constructions
(iv) Mechanical engineering; lighting; heating; weapons
(v) General tagging of new technological developments

Community 3: construction

Occupations
(i) Community and social service
(ii) Building and grounds cleaning and maintenance
(iii) Office and administrative support
(iv) Construction and extraction
Industries
(i) Construction
(ii) Administrative and waste services
(iii) Unclassified
Degrees
(i) (None)
Technologies
(i) Human necessities
(ii) Chemistry and metallurgy

Community 4: general commercial

Occupations
(i) Healthcare practitioners and technical
(ii) Healthcare support
(iii) Protective service
(iv) Food preparation and serving related
(v) Sales and related
(vi) Farming, fishing, and forestry
Industries
(i) Agriculture, forestry, fishing, and hunting
(ii) Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction
(iii) Utilities
(iv) Wholesale trade
(v) Retail trade
(vi) Transportation and warehousing
(vii) Health care and social assistance
(viii) Accommodation and food services
Degrees
(i) Education
Technologies
(i) (None)

Community 5: business and services

Occupations
(i) Architecture and engineering
(ii) Life, physical, and social science
(iii) Legal
(iv) Educational instruction and library
(v) Personal care and service
Industries
(i) Information
(ii) Finance and insurance
(iii) Real estate and rental and leasing
(iv) Management of companies and enterprises
(v) Educational services
(vi) Arts, entertainment, and recreation
(vii) Other services, except public administration
Degrees
(i) Biological, agricultural, and environmental sciences
(ii) Psychology
(iii) Multidisciplinary studies
(iv) Science- and engineering-related
(v) Business
(vi) Liberal arts and history
(vii) Other fields
Technologies
(i) Other—no section assigned

Note. Occupation level: major (2-digit), industry level: 2-digit NAICS, degree level: acs2, and technology level: cpc section (1-digit).