Research Article

Expanding Network Analysis Tools in Psychological Networks: Minimal Spanning Trees, Participation Coefficients, and Motif Analysis Applied to a Network of 26 Psychological Attributes

Table 1

Description of 26 psychological attributes included in the network.

Psychological attribute (or Group of attributes (number of attributes in the group)), Questionnaire (author(s))
Short description of measured attribute (number of items)
Values - based on Schwartz Theory of Basic Values (6), Schwartz Value Survey – SVS (Schwartz, 1992) [31]
Achievement - personal success through demonstrating competence according to social standards. (4 items)
Hedonism - pleasure or sensuous gratification for oneself. (3 items)
Power - social status and prestige, control or dominance over people and resources. (4 items)
Self-direction - independent thought and action—choosing, creating, exploring. (5 items)
Tradition - respect, commitment, and acceptance of the customs and ideas that one's culture or religion provides. (6 items)
Universalism - understanding, appreciation, tolerance, and protection for the welfare of all people and for nature. (8 items)

Big Five Traits (5), 20–100-item IPIP questionnaire (8 length versions), also included data on 336-item
IPIP Personality Facets questionnaire (Goldberg et al., 2006). Both questionnaires are proxies for Costa
and McCrae's NEO-PI-R facets (Five Factor Model) [32]
Emotional Stability (reversed Neuroticism) - the tendency not to experience negative emotions, such as
anger, anxiety, or depression.
Extroversion - characterized by positive emotions, surgency, and the tendency to seek out stimulation and the company of others.
Openness to experience - a general appreciation for art, emotion, adventure, unusual ideas, imagination,
curiosity, and variety of experience.
Agreeableness - tendency to be compassionate and cooperative rather than suspicious and antagonistic towards others.
Conscientiousness - tendency to show self-discipline, act dutifully, and aim for achievement.

Interests (4), The Sensational Interests Questionnaire – SIQ (Egan et al., 1999) [33]
Low militaristic interests (reversed Militaristic interests) an individual with low active interest in
militaristic activities (e.g. guns and shooting). (10 items)
Low violent-occult interests (reversed Violent-occult interests)– an individual with low active interest in
violent or occult activities (e.g. black magic). (7 items)
Intellectual interests – an individual’s active interest in cerebral activities (e.g. philosophy). (7 items)
Interest in wholesome activities – an individual’s active interest in active recreation (e.g. camping, hill
walking). (5 items)

Body Consciousness (3), Body Consciousness Questionnaire –BCQ (Miller, Murphy, & Buss, 1981) [34]
Private body - awareness of internal sensations. (5 items)
Public body - awareness of observable aspects of body. (6 items)
Body competence – self-confidence in the body's performance. (4 items)

Integrity assessment (2), Rust's Sense of Fairness and Impression Management, Orpheus (Rust &
Golombok, 1989), 36 items. [35]
Fair-mindedness (or Sense-of-fairness) – measures how balanced and impartial person is in her decision
making.
Self-Disclosure – measures to what extent a person conducts her life transparently. Reversed values are
used as a measure of Impression Management and Social desirability (Lie scale).

“Stand-alone” traits – six psychological attributes which are not part of a group of constructs, each is measured with separate questionnaire
Awareness of physical symptoms and sensations, Pennebaker’s Inventory of Limbic Languidness - PILL
(Pennebaker, 1982) [36]
Scale measures how often a person notices and reports a broad array of physical symptoms and sensations (e.g. chest pain, heart racing, dizziness). (54 items)

Self-monitoring, Snyder's Self-Monitoring Scale, (Snyder, 1974) [37]
Scale measures how much person monitors her self-presentations, expressive behavior, and nonverbal affective displays. (25 items)

Low Depression, Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D), NIMH, (Radloff, 1977) [38]
Reversed Depression, measures lack of symptoms of depression in nine different groups as defined by the American Psychiatric Association Diagnostic and Statistical Manual, fifth edition. (20 items)

Empathy, Empathy Quotient - EQ, (Baron-Cohen & Wheelwright, 2004) [39]
Scale measures self-reported ability to tune into how others are feeling, and to understand what they
may be thinking. It measures both the affective and the cognitive components of empathy. (60 items)

Life satisfaction,  Satisfaction With Life Scale- SWLS (Diener, Emmons, Larsen, & Griffin, 1985) [40]
Scale measures general wellbeing and satisfaction with one’s life. (5 items)

Intelligence,  MyIQ test,myPersonality’s 20-item proxy for Raven’s Standard Progressive Matrices (Raven,
2008) [41], University of Cambridge’s Psychometrics Centre (Chan & Kosinski)
Ability test measures cognitive skills and clear-thinking ability, and pattern recognition abilities known to
have the highest correlation with the general intelligence factor. (20 items)