Antibiofilm Activity and Synergistic Effects of Thymol-Loaded Poly (Lactic-Co-Glycolic Acid) Nanoparticles with Amikacin against Four Salmonella enterica Serovars

Table 2

Minimum biofilm inhibitory concentration (MBIC) of amikacin and thymol-loaded PLGA and the fractional inhibitory concentration index (FICI) of combination against S. enterica serovars.

Isolates	MBEC (μg/mL)				MBEC reduction fold		FICI (int.)
	Alone		Combined
	Ami	TH-NPs	Ami	Thy	Ami	TH-NPs
S. Typhi ATCC 6539	8	16	0.25	4	32	4	0.28 (S)
S. Typhi	8	32	0.0625	4	128	8	0.13 (S)
S. Enteritidis	4	64	0.125	8	32	8	0.28 (S)
S. Typhimurium	8	32	0.25	4	32	8	0.16 (S)
S. Choleraesuis	8	32	0.125	8	64	4	0.27 (S)

MBIC: minimum biofilm inhibitory concentration; Ami: amikacin; TH-NPs: thymol-loaded PLGA nanoparticles; FICI: fractional inhibitory index; INT: interpretation; S: synergy.